Lihat sumber Filamen PH

'''Filamen PH''' () adalah tumpukan [[protein]] yang ditemukan pertama kali oleh [[Alois Alzheimer]] di dalam [[neuron]] penderita [[Alzheimer]].<ref>alzi. [https://alzi.or.id/apa-yang-menyebabkan-demensia/ Apa yang menyebabkan demensia?]. ''Alzheimer Indonesia''. 2019-06-15.</ref>

Filamen ini terbentuk dari berbagai [[isomer]]<ref>[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2484340 Multiple isoforms of human microtubule-associated protein tau: sequences and localization in neurofibrillary tangles of Alzheimer's disease]. ''Medical Research Council, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, England; Goedert M, Spillantini MG, Jakes R, Rutherford D, Crowther RA''.</ref> [[protein tau]]<ref>[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3131773 Cloning and sequencing of the cDNA encoding a core protein of the paired helical filament of Alzheimer disease: identification as the microtubule-associated protein tau]. ''Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Goedert M, Wischik CM, Crowther RA, Walker JE, Klug A''.</ref> - sebuah [[protein]] yang berperan dalam perakitan dan pemeliharaan struktur [[mikrotubula]] - mengalami [[hiperfosforilasi]] sehingga memecahkan struktur [[mikrotubula]]. Radikal protein tau kemudian berhimpun menjadi filamen PH di dalam [[soma]].<ref>[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20553310 The Role of Tau in Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders]. ''Department of Neurobiology and Behavior and Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California; Medeiros R, Baglietto-Vargas D, Laferla FM''.</ref>

Hiperfosforilasi terjadi karena terjadi kerusakan transduksi sinyal seluler yang disebabkan oleh tid  ak seimbangnya aktivitas [[protein]] dari beberapa [[enzim]] [[fosfatase]] dan [[kinase]],<ref>[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20553310 The Role of Tau in Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders]. ''Department of Neurobiology and Behavior and Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California; Medeiros R, Baglietto-Vargas D, Laferla FM''.</ref> seperti ''calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II'', ''[[glycogen synthase kinase-3beta]]'' dan ''cyclin-dependent protein kinase 5''.<ref>[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18194444 Alzheimer neurofibrillary degeneration: significance, etiopathogenesis, therapeutics and prevention]. ''Department of Neurochemistry New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities; Iqbal K, Grundke-Iqbal I''.</ref><ref>[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17241267 Kinases and phosphatases and tau sites involved in Alzheimer neurofibrillary degeneration]. ''Pathophysiology Department, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology; Wang JZ, Grundke-Iqbal I, Iqbal K''.</ref> Proses kimiawi ini dapat diredam dengan meningkatkan aktivitas [[enzim]] [[fosfoseril protein fosfatase]]<ref>[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15270196 Inhibition of neurofibrillary degeneration: a promising approach to Alzheimer's disease and other tauopathies]. ''Department of Neurochemistry, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities; Iqbal K, Grundke-Iqbal I''.</ref> dan [[fosfotreonil protein fosfatase]].<ref>[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10961432 Mechanism of neurofibrillary degeneration and pharmacologic therapeutic approach]. ''New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities; Iqbal K, Alonso AD, Gondal JA, Gong CX, Haque N, Khatoon S, Sengupta A, Wang JZ, Grundke-Iqbal I''.</ref>

== Referensi ==
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== Sumber dan atribusi ==

Konten artikel ini diadaptasi dari [https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Filamen+PH&oldid=26742913 Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia], revisi 26742913 (2025-01-05T05:55:51Z), yang tersedia berdasarkan lisensi Creative Commons Atribusi-BerbagiSerupa (CC BY-SA). Mohon gunakan konten ini secara bijak serta sesuai dengan ketentuan lisensi yang berlaku.

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