Lihat sumber Kelimpahan unsur di kerak Bumi

'''Kelimpahan unsur di kerak Bumi''' telah diteliti oleh berbagai sumber, dan hasilnya disajikan dalam tabel di bawah ini. Unsur paling melimpah di [[kerak Bumi]] adalah [[oksigen]], diikuti [[silikon]], [[aluminium]], dan [[besi]].

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: right;"
|+Kelimpahan unsur di kerak Bumi, menurut berbagai sumber
! Urutan !! colspan=3 | [[nomor atom|nomor]], nama, simbol !! colspan=5 | Kelimpahan unsur di kerak Bumi (ppm, bagian per sejuta) !! Produksi tahunan
|-
! 
! 
! 
! 
! Darling<ref>[http://www.daviddarling.info/encyclopedia/E/elterr.html Elements, Terrestrial Abundance]. www.daviddarling.info.</ref>
! Barbalace<ref>Kenneth Barbalace. [http://environmentalchemistry.com/yogi/periodic/ Periodic Table of Elements]. Environmental Chemistry.com.</ref>
! WebElements<ref>[http://www.webelements.com/webelements/properties/text/image-flash/abund-crust.html Abundance in Earth's Crust]. WebElements.com.</ref>
! Jefferson Lab<ref>[http://education.jlab.org/itselemental/index.html It's Elemental — The Periodic Table of Elements]. Jefferson Lab.</ref>
! (2016, dalam ton)<ref>[http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/commodity/ Commodity Statistics and Information]. USGS. All production numbers are for mines, except for Al, Cd, Fe, Ge, In, N, Se (plants, refineries), S (all forms) and As, Br, Mg, Si (unspecified). Data for B, K, Ti, Y are given not for the pure element but for the most common oxide, data for Na and Cl are for NaCl. For many elements like Si, Al, data are ambiguous (many forms produced) and are taken for the pure element. U data is pure element required for consumption by current reactor fleet [http://www.world-nuclear.org/info/Facts-and-Figures/World-Nuclear-Power-Reactors-and-Uranium-Requirements/] . WNA.</ref>
|-
| 1
| 8
| [[oksigen]]
| O
| 466,000
| 474,000
| 460,000
| 467,100
| 461,000
| 
|-
| 2
| 14
| [[silikon]]
| Si
| 277,200
| 277,100
| 270,000
| 276,900
| 282,000
|7,200,000
|-
| 3
| 13
| [[aluminium]]
| Al
| 81,300
| 82,000
| 82,000
| 80,700
| 82,300
|57,600,000
|-
| 4
| 26
| [[besi]]
| Fe
| 50,000
| 41,000
| 63,000
| 50,500
| 56,300
|1,150,000,000
|-
| 5
| 20
| [[kalsium]]
| Ca
| 36,300
| 41,000
| 50,000
| 36,500
| 41,500
| 
|-
| 6
| 11
| [[natrium]]
| Na
| 28,300
| 23,000
| 23,000
| 27,500
| 23,600
|255,000,000
|-
| 7
| 12
| [[magnesium]]
| Mg
| 20,900
| 23,000
| 29,000
| 20,800
| 23,300
|1,010,000
|-
| 8
| 19
| [[kalium]]
| K
| 25,900
| 21,000
| 15,000
| 25,800
| 20,900
|
|-
| 9
| 22
| [[titanium]]
| Ti
| 4,400
| 5,600
| 6,600
| 6,200
| 5,600
|6,600,000
|-
| 10
| 1
| [[hidrogen]]
| H
| 1,400
|  
| 1,500
| 1,400
| 1,400
| 
|-
| 11
| 15
| [[fosfor]]
| P
| 1,200
| 1,000
| 1,000
| 1,300
| 1,050
| 
|-
| 12
| 25
| [[mangan]]
| Mn
| 1,000
| 950
| 1,100
| 900
| 950
| 16,000,000
|-
|13
| 9
| [[fluorin]]
| F
| 800
| 950
| 540
| 290
| 585
| 
|-
| 14
| 56
| [[barium]]
| Ba
| 500
| 340
| 340
| 500
| 425
| 
|-
| 15
| 6
| [[karbon]]
| C
| 300
| 480
| 1,800
| 940
| 200
| 
|-
|16
| 38
| [[stronsium]]
| Sr
|
| 370
| 360
|
| 370
|350,000
|-
| 17
| 16
| [[sulfur]]
| S
| 500
| 260
| 420
| 520
| 350
|69,300,000
|-
| 18
| 40
| [[zirkonium]]
| Zr
|
| 190
| 130
| 250
| 165
|1,460,000
|-
| 19
| 74
| [[tungsten]]
| W
|
| 160.6
| 1.1
|
| 1.25
|86,400
|-
| 20
| 23
| [[vanadium]]
| V
| 100
| 160
| 190
|
| 120
|76,000
|-
| 21
| 17
| [[klorin]]
| Cl
| 500
| 130
| 170
| 450
| 145
|
|-
| 22
| 24
| [[kromium]]
| Cr
| 100
| 100
| 140
| 350
| 102
|26,000,000
|-
| 23
| 37
| [[rubidium]]
| Rb
| 300
| 90
| 60
|
| 90
| 
|-
| 24
| 28
| [[nikel]]
| Ni
|
| 80
| 90
| 190
| 84
|2,250,000
|-
| 25
| 30
| [[seng]]
| Zn
| 
| 75
| 79
|
| 70
|11,900,000
|-
| 26
| 29
| [[tembaga]]
| Cu
| 100
| 50
| 68
|
| 60
|19,400,000
|-

| 27
| 58
| [[cerium]]
| Ce
|
| 68
| 60
|
| 66.5
| 
|-
| 28
| 60
| [[neodymium]]
| Nd
|
| 38
| 33
|
| 41.5
| 
|-
| 29
| 57
| [[lanthanum]]
| La
|
| 32
| 34
|
| 39
| 
|-
| 30
| 39
| [[yttrium]]
| Y
|
| 30
| 29
|
| 33
|6,000
|-
| 31
| 7
| [[nitrogen]]
| N
| 50
| 25
| 20
|
| 19
|140,000,000
|-
| 32
| 27
| [[cobalt]]
| Co
| 
| 20
| 30
|
| 25
|123,000
|-
| 33
| 3
| [[lithium]]
| Li
|
| 20
| 17
|
| 20
|35,000
|-
| 34
| 41
| [[niobium]]
| Nb
|
| 20
| 17
|
| 20
|64,000
|-
| 35
| 31
| [[gallium]]
| Ga
|
| 18
| 19
|
| 19
| 
|-
| 36
| 21
| [[skandium]]
| Sc
|
| 16
| 26
|
| 22
| 
|-
| 37
| 82
| [[timbal]]
| Pb
|
| 14
| 10
|
| 14
|4,820,000
|-
| 38
| 62
| [[samarium]]
| Sm
|
| 7.9
| 6
|
| 7.05
| 
|-
| 39
| 90
| [[torium]]
| Th
|
| 12
| 6
|
| 9.6
| 
|-
| 40
| 59
| [[praseodymium]]
| Pr
|
| 9.5
| 8.7
|
| 9.2
| 
|-
| 41
| 5
| [[boron]]
| B
| 
| 950
| 8.7
|
| 10
|9,400,000
|-
| 42
| 64
| [[gadolinium]]
| Gd
|
| 7.7
| 5.2
|
| 6.2
| 
|-
| 43
| 66
| [[dysprosium]]
| Dy
|
| 6
| 6.2
|
| 5.2
| 
|-
| 44
| 72
| [[hafnium]]
| Hf
|
| 5.3
| 3.3
|
| 3.0
| 
|-
| 45
| 68
| [[erbium]]
| Er
|
| 3.8
| 3.0
|
| 3.5
| 
|-
| 46
| 70
| [[ytterbium]]
| Yb
|
| 3.3
| 2.8
|
| 3.2
| 
|-
| 47
| 55
| [[caesium]]
| Cs
|
| 3
| 1.9
|
| 3
| 
|-
| 48
| 4
| [[beryllium]]
| Be
|
| 2.6
| 1.9
|
| 2.8
|220
|-
| 49
| 50
| [[tin]]
| Sn
| 0
| 2.2
| 2.2
|
| 2.3
|280,000
|-
| 50
| 63
| [[europium]]
| Eu
|
| 2.1
| 1.8
|
| 2.0
| 
|-
| 51
| 92
| [[uranium]]
| U
|
| 0
| 1.8
|
| 2.7
|74,119
|-
| 52
| 73
| [[tantalum]]
| Ta
|
| 2
| 1.7
|
| 2.0
|1,100
|-
| 53
| 32
| [[germanium]]
| Ge
|
| 1.8
| 1.4
|
| 1.5
|155
|-
| 54
| 42
| [[molybdenum]]
| Mo
| 
| 1.5
| 1.1
|
| 1.2
|227,000
|-
| 55
| 33
| [[arsenic]]
| As
|
| 1.5
| 2.1
|
| 1.8
|36,500
|-
| 56
| 67
| [[holmium]]
| Ho
|
| 1.4
| 1.2
|
| 1.3
| 
|-
| 57
| 65
| [[terbium]]
| Tb
|
| 1.1
| 0.94
|
| 1.2
| 
|-
| 58
| 69
| [[thulium]]
| Tm
|
| 0.48
| 0.45
|
| 0.52
| 
|-
| 59
| 35
| [[bromine]]
| Br
|
| 0.37
| 3
|
| 2.4
|391,000
|-
| 60
| 81
| [[thallium]]
| Tl
|
| 0.6
| 0.530
|
| 0.850
| 10
|-
|61
|71
|[[lutetium]]<ref>John Emsley. [https://books.google.com/books?id=Yhi5X7OwuGkC&pg=PA241 Nature's building blocks: an A-Z guide to the elements]. Oxford University Press. 2001. hlm. 240–242. ISBN 0-19-850341-5.</ref>
|Lu
|
|
|
|
|0.5
| 
|-
| 62
| 51
| [[antimony]]
| Sb
|
| 0.2
| 0.2
|
| 0.2
|130,000
|-
| 63
| 53
| [[iodine]]
| I
| 
| 0.14
| 0.490
|
| 0.450
|31,600
|-
| 64
| 48
| [[cadmium]]
| Cd
|
| 0.11
| 0.15
|
| 0.15
| 23,000
|-
| 65
| 47
| [[perak]]
| Ag
|
| 0.070
| 0.080
|
| 0.075
|27,000
|-
| 66
| 80
| [[raksa]]
| Hg
|
| 0.05
| 0.067
|
| 0.085
|4,500
|-
| 67
| 34
| [[selenium]]
| Se
| 
| 0.05
| 0.05
|
| 0.05
|2,200
|-
| 68
| 49
| [[indium]]
| In
|
| 0.049
| 0.160
|
| 0.250
|655
|-
| 69
| 83
| [[bismut]]
| Bi
|
| 0.048
| 0.025
|
| 0.0085
|10,200
|-
| 70
| 52
| [[tellurium]]
| Te
|
| 0.005
| 0.001
|
| 0.001
|2,200
|-
| 71
| 78
| [[platinum]]
| Pt
|
| 0.003
| 0.0037
|
| 0.005
|172
|-
| 72
| 79
| [[emas]]
| Au
|
| 0.0011
| 0.0031
|
| 0.004
|3,100
|-
| 73
| 44
| [[ruthenium]]
| Ru
|
| 0.001
| 0.001
|
| 0.001
| 
|-
| 74
| 46
| [[palladium]]
| Pd
|
| 0.0006
| 0.0063
|
| 0.015
| 208
|-
| 75
| 75
| [[rhenium]]
| Re
|
| 0.0004
| 0.0026
|
| 0.0007
| 47.2
|-
| 76
| 77
| [[iridium]]
| Ir
|
| 0.0003
| 0.0004
|
| 0.001
| 
|-
| 77
| 45
| [[rhodium]]
| Rh
|
| 0.0002
| 0.0007
|
| 0.001
| 
|-
| 78
| 76
| [[osmium]]
| Os
|
| 0.0001
| 0.0018
|
| 0.0015
| 
|}

== Referensi ==
<references />

== Sumber dan atribusi ==

Konten artikel ini diadaptasi dari [https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kelimpahan+unsur+di+kerak+Bumi&oldid=21998003 Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia], revisi 21998003 (2022-11-14T15:29:43Z), yang tersedia berdasarkan lisensi Creative Commons Atribusi-BerbagiSerupa (CC BY-SA). Mohon gunakan konten ini secara bijak serta sesuai dengan ketentuan lisensi yang berlaku.

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