Lihat sumber Perjanjian UKUSA

[[File:UKUSA_Map.svg|thumb|right|280px|UKUSA Map]]

'''''United Kingdom–United States of America Agreement''''' ('''UKUSA''', ),<ref>[http://www.nsa.gov/public_info/press_room/2010/ukusa.shtml Declassified UKUSA Signals Intelligence Agreement Documents Available]. National Security Agency. 24 June 2010. [http://www.nsa.gov/public_info/press_room/2010/ukusa.shtml Salinan arsip].</ref><ref>Also known as the Quadripartite Agreement or Quadripartite Pact (EPIC, Privacy International. ''Privacy and Human Rights 2002: An International Survey of Privacy Rights and Developments''. Epic, 2002. 2002. hlm. [http://books.google.com/books?id=EPxnexrywuAC&dq=Quadripartite+Agreement+(1947)+signals+intelligence&q=Quadripartite+Agreement#search_anchor 100]. ISBN 1-893044-16-5.)</ref> atau '''Perjanjian Britania Raya–Amerika Serikat''', adalah perjanjian kerja sama multilateral dalam bidang [[intelijen sinyal]] antara Britania Raya, Amerika Serikat, Kanada, Australia, dan [[Selandia Baru]]. Aliansi operasi intelijen ini juga dikenal dengan istilah '''Five Eyes''' ('''FVEY''').<ref>James Cox. [http://www.cdfai.org/PDF/Canada%20and%20the%20Five%20Eyes%20Intelligence%20Community.pdf Canada and the Five Eyes Intelligence Community]. Canadian Defence and Foreign Affairs Institute. December 2012.</ref><ref>Richard McGregor. [http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/d0873f38-d1c5-11e2-9336-00144feab7de.html Global Insight: US spying risks clouding ‘five eyes’ vision]. ''Financial Times''.</ref><ref>Ben Grubb. [http://www.smh.com.au/technology/technology-news/mission-almost-impossible-keeping-a-step-ahead-of-prying-five-eyes-20131015-2vky7.html Mission almost impossible: keeping a step ahead of prying 'Five Eyes']. ''The Sydney Morning Herald''.</ref><ref>Matt Gurney. [http://fullcomment.nationalpost.com/2012/03/28/matt-gurney-despite-their-annoyance-the-u-s-shouldnt-hold-spy-against-canada/ Canada Navy Spy Case]. ''National Post''.</ref>

Berawal dari kesepakatan informal terkait dengan [[Piagam Atlantik]] 1941, [[perjanjian rahasia]] ini diperbarui lagi melalui pengesahan [[Perjanjian BRUSA 1943]] sebelum diberlakukan secara resmi pada tanggal 5 Maret 1946 oleh Britania Raya dan Amerika Serikat. Pada tahun-tahun berikutnya, perjanjian ini diperluas untuk mencakup tiga [[jajahan Persemakmuran]] Kanada, Australia, dan Selandia Baru. Negara-negara lain ("pihak ketiga") seperti [[Jerman Barat]], [[Filipina]], dan beberapa negara Skandinavia juga bergabung dengan komunitas UKUSA.<ref>Richard Norton-Taylor. [http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2010/jun/25/intelligence-deal-uk-us-released Not so secret: deal at the heart of UK-US intelligence]. ''The Guardian''. 25 June 2010.</ref>

Sebagian besar pembagian informasi ini dilakukan melalui jaringan ultrasensitif [[STONEGHOST]]. Jaringan ini berisi "rahasia-rahasia dunia Barat yang sangat dijaga ketat".<ref>Rob Gordon. [http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/nova-scotia/navy-spy-probe-kept-military-in-dark-documents-1.1856151 Navy spy probe kept military in dark: documents]. Canadian Broadcasting Corporation.</ref> Selain menetapkan peraturan pembagian intelijen, perjanjian ini meresmikan dan menetapkan "[[Hubungan Istimewa]]" (''Special Relationship'') antara Britania Raya dan Amerika Serikat.<ref>Duncan Gardham. [http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/northamerica/usa/7852136/Document-that-formalised-special-relationship-with-the-US.html Document that formalised 'special relationship' with the US]. ''The Daily Telegraph''.</ref><ref>Adam White. [http://content.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,2000262,00.html How a Secret Spy Pact Helped Win the Cold War]. ''Time''. 29 June 2010.</ref>

Karena tergolong perjanjian rahasia, keberadaannya tidak diketahui oleh [[Perdana Menteri Australia]] sampai tahun 1973,<ref>Jordan Chittley and Kevin Newman. [http://knlive.ctvnews.ca/mobile/the-knlive-hub/canada-s-role-in-secret-intelligence-alliance-five-eyes-1.1489170 Canada's role in secret intelligence alliance Five Eyes]. CTV News.</ref> dan baru diungkapkan ke publik tahun 2005.<ref>Adam White. [http://content.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,2000262,00.html How a Secret Spy Pact Helped Win the Cold War]. ''Time''. 29 June 2010.</ref> Pada 25 Juni 2010, untuk pertama kalinya dalam sejarah, teks lengkap perjanjian ini dirilis ke publik oleh [[The National Archives (Britania Raya)|Arsip Nasional Britania Raya]] dan bisa diakses [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukusa/ di Internet].<ref>Richard Norton-Taylor. [http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2010/jun/25/intelligence-deal-uk-us-released Not so secret: deal at the heart of UK-US intelligence]. ''The Guardian''. 25 June 2010.</ref><ref>[http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukusa/ Newly released GCHQ files: UKUSA Agreement]. The National Archives. June 2010.</ref> Sesaat setelah dirilis, Perjanjian UKUSA sepanjang tujuh halaman ini diakui oleh majalah ''[[Time (majalah)|Time]]'' sebagai salah satu dokumen terpenting era [[Perang Dingin]] karena memiliki dampak sejarah yang besar.<ref>Adam White. [http://content.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,2000262,00.html How a Secret Spy Pact Helped Win the Cold War]. ''Time''. 29 June 2010.</ref>

Saat ini, [[pengungkapan pengintaian massal 2013]] oleh [[Edward Snowden]] menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas pembagian informasi intelijen antara sekutu-sekutu [[Dunia Pertama]] era Perang Dingin telah merambah ranah digital [[World Wide Web]].<ref>MELISSA EDDY. [http://www.nytimes.com/2013/07/10/world/europe/for-western-allies-a-long-history-of-swapping-intelligence.html For Western Allies, a Long History of Swapping Intelligence]. ''The New York Times''.</ref><ref>Nathan Smith. [http://www.nbr.co.nz/article/world-signals-intelligence-and-gcsb-context-ns-129503 The world of signals intelligence and GCSB in context]. ''National Business Review''.</ref><ref>Alexander Abdo and Patrick Toomey. [http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2013/aug/11/nsa-internet-surveillance-email The NSA is turning the internet into a total surveillance system]. ''The Guardian''.</ref>

== Tentang ==
Meski aliansi UKUSA sering dikaitkan dengan sistem [[ECHELON]], intelijen yang diproses bergantung pada banyak sumber informasi dan intelijen yang dibagikan tidak terikat pada [[intelijen sinyal]] saja. Tabel berikut memberi gambaran tentang lembaga pemerintah yang terlibat dan masing-masing tugasnya di dalam komunitas "Five Eyes":<ref>James Cox. [http://www.cdfai.org/PDF/Canada%20and%20the%20Five%20Eyes%20Intelligence%20Community.pdf Canada and the Five Eyes Intelligence Community]. Canadian Defence and Foreign Affairs Institute. December 2012.</ref>

{|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"
|-
! Negara
! [[Intelijen sinyal]]
! Intelijen pertahanan
! Intelijen keamanan
! [[Intelijen manusia (pengumpulan intelijen)|Intelijen manusia]]
|-
|
|[[National Security Agency]] (NSA)
|[[Defense Intelligence Agency|DIA]]
|[[Federal Bureau of Investigation|FBI]]
|[[Central Intelligence Agency|CIA]]
|-
|
|[[Government Communications Headquarters]] (GCHQ)
|[[Defence Intelligence Staff|DIS]]
|[[British Security Service|MI5]]
|[[Secret Intelligence Service|MI6]]
|-
|
|[[Defence Signals Directorate]] (DSD)
|[[Defence Intelligence Organisation|DIO]]
|[[Australian Security Intelligence Organisation|ASIO]]
|[[Australian Secret Intelligence Service|ASIS]]
|-
|
|[[Communications Security Establishment Canada]] (CSEC)
|[[Chief of Defence Intelligence (Canada)|CDI]]
|[[Canadian Security Intelligence Service|CSIS]]
|[[Canadian Security Intelligence Service|CSIS]]
|-
|
|[[Government Communications Security Bureau]] (GCSB)
|[[Directorate of Defence Intelligence and Security|DDIS]]
|[[New Zealand Security Intelligence Service|SIS]]
|[[New Zealand Security Intelligence Service|SIS]]
|}

== Galeri ==
== Lihat pula ==
* [[ABCA Armies]]
* [[AUSCANNZUKUS]]
* [[Combined Communications Electronics Board]]
* [[Special Relationship]]
* [[The Technical Cooperation Program]]

== Bacaan lanjutan ==
* Bryden, John. ''Best Kept Secret: Canadian Secret Intelligence in the Second World War.'' Toronto: [[Lester Publishing]], 1993, ISBN 1895555299.
* 
* Frost, Mike and Michel Gratton. ''Spyworld: Inside the Canadian and American Intelligence Establishments.'' Toronto: [[Doubleday Canada]], 1994.
* Hamilton, Dwight. ''Inside Canadian Intelligence: Exposing the New Realities of Espionage and International Terrorism.'' Toronto: [[Dundurn Press]], 2006.
* 
* [[Nicky Hager|Hager, Nicky]] (1996) ''Secret Power, New Zealand's Role in the International Spy Network''; Craig Potton Publishing, Nelson, NZ; ISBN 0-908802-35-8; ([http://www.filefactory.com/?d895a8 ONLINE EDITION])
* Richelson, Jeffrey T.; Ball, Desmond (1985). ''The Ties That Bind: Intelligence Cooperation Between the UKUSA Countries''. London: [[Allen & Unwin]]. ISBN 0-04-327092-1.
* Richelson, Jeffrey T. ''The United States Intelligence Community'', fifth ed. [[Westview Press]], Boulder, Colo.; ISBN 978-0-8133-4362-4; 2008.
* Rosen, Philip. ''The Communications Security Establishment: Canada’s Most Secret Intelligence Agency.'' Ottawa: [[Library of Parliament]] Research Branch, 1993.
* Rudner, Martin. ''Canada's Communications Security Establishment: From the Cold War to Globalization'' in Intelligence and National Security. Volume 16 Number 1 (Spring 2001). 97–128.
* Whitaker, Reginald. ''Cold War Alchemy: How America, Britain, and Canada Transformed Espionage into Subversion'' in Intelligence and National Security.

== Pranala luar ==
* [http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/ukusa/ UKUSA Agreement] at [[The National Archives]]
* [http://www.nsa.gov/public_info/declass/ukusa.shtml UKUSA Agreement]  at the [[National Security Agency]]

== Referensi ==
<references />

== Sumber dan atribusi ==

Konten artikel ini diadaptasi dari [https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Perjanjian+UKUSA&oldid=26719845 Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia], revisi 26719845 (2025-01-01T04:18:37Z), yang tersedia berdasarkan lisensi Creative Commons Atribusi-BerbagiSerupa (CC BY-SA). Gambar pada artikel ini bersumber dari Wikimedia Commons dan mengikuti ketentuan lisensi masing-masing berkas. Mohon gunakan konten dan media secara bijak serta sesuai dengan ketentuan lisensi yang berlaku.

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