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	<title>Karvakrol - Riwayat revisi</title>
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	<updated>2026-09-16T06:27:18Z</updated>
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		<title>Maintenance script: Presentation V4: sitasi, referensi, Math, Wikimedia Commons, dan atribusi</title>
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		<updated>2026-08-29T18:07:18Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Presentation V4: sitasi, referensi, Math, Wikimedia Commons, dan atribusi&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw-interface=&quot;&quot;&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Revisi sebelumnya&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revisi per 29 Agustus 2026 18.07&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot;&gt;Baris 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Baris 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;Karvakrol&#039;&#039;&#039; atau &#039;&#039;&#039;simofenol&#039;&#039;&#039;, dengan rumus molekul C&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;6&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;H&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;3&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;(CH&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;3&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;)(OH)C&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;3&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;H&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;7&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;, adalah [[fenol]] [[monoterpena|monoterpenoid]]. Ia memiliki bau khas yang menyengat dan hangat seperti [[oregano]].&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;Karvakrol&#039;&#039;&#039; atau &#039;&#039;&#039;simofenol&#039;&#039;&#039;, dengan rumus molekul C&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;6&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;H&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;3&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;(CH&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;3&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;)(OH)C&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;3&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;H&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;7&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;, adalah [[fenol]] [[monoterpena|monoterpenoid]]. Ia memiliki bau khas yang menyengat dan hangat seperti [[oregano]].&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;A. Ultee. &#039;&#039;Antimicrobial activity of carvacrol toward &#039;&#039;Bacillus cereus&#039;&#039; on rice&#039;&#039;. &#039;&#039;Journal of Food Protection&#039;&#039;. 2000. Vol. 63 (5). hlm. 620–624. doi:10.4315/0362-028x-63.5.620.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==Ketersediaan di alam==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==Ketersediaan di alam==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Karvakrol terdapat dalam minyak atsiri [[oregano]], minyak [[timi]], minyak yang diperoleh dari &#039;&#039;[[Lepidium]]&#039;&#039;, dan &#039;&#039;[[Monarda fistulosa]]&#039;&#039;. Minyak atsiri subspesies timi mengandung antara 5% dan 75% karvakrol, sedangkan subspesies [[saturiya|satureja]] memiliki kandungan antara 1% dan 45%. [[Marjoram]] dan &#039;&#039;[[Oreganun dictamnus]]&#039;&#039; kaya akan karvakrol, masing-masing konsentrasinya 50% dan 60–80%.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Karvakrol terdapat dalam minyak atsiri [[oregano]], minyak [[timi]], minyak yang diperoleh dari &#039;&#039;[[Lepidium]]&#039;&#039;, dan &#039;&#039;[[Monarda fistulosa]]&#039;&#039;.&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Karvakrol&amp;amp;oldid=29211684 sumber pada Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;/ins&gt;Minyak atsiri subspesies timi mengandung antara 5% dan 75% karvakrol, sedangkan subspesies [[saturiya|satureja]] memiliki kandungan antara 1% dan 45%.&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;J. Vladić. &#039;&#039;Winter savory: Supercritical carbon dioxide extraction and mathematical modeling of extraction process&#039;&#039;. &#039;&#039;The Journal of Supercritical Fluids&#039;&#039;. November 2016. Vol. 117. hlm. 89–97. doi:10.1016/j.supflu.2016.05.027.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;/ins&gt;[[Marjoram]] dan &#039;&#039;[[Oreganun dictamnus]]&#039;&#039; kaya akan karvakrol, masing-masing konsentrasinya 50% dan 60–80%.&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;M. De Vincenzi. &#039;&#039;Constituents of aromatic plants: Carvacrol&#039;&#039;. &#039;&#039;Fitoterapia&#039;&#039;. 2004. Vol. 75 (7–8). hlm. 801–804. doi:10.1016/j.fitote.2004.05.002.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Senyawa ini juga ditemukan dalam &#039;&#039;[[tequila]]&#039;&#039; dan &#039;&#039;Lippia graveolens&#039;&#039; (oregano Meksiko) dalam famili [[Verbenaceae]].&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Senyawa ini juga ditemukan dalam &#039;&#039;[[tequila]]&#039;&#039;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;A. De León Rodríguez. [http://www.ftb.com.hr/index.php/archives/67-volume-46-issue-no-4/256 Characterization of volatile compounds from ethnic &#039;&#039;Agave&#039;&#039; alcoholic beverages by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry]. &#039;&#039;Food Technology and Biotechnology&#039;&#039;. 2008. Vol. 46 (4). hlm. 448–455.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;/ins&gt;dan &#039;&#039;Lippia graveolens&#039;&#039; (oregano Meksiko) dalam famili [[Verbenaceae]].&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==Sumber==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==Sumber==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l10&quot;&gt;Baris 10:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Baris 10:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*&amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Lepidium]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*&amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Lepidium]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*&amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Lippia Graveolens]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*&amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Lippia Graveolens]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*&#039;&#039;[[Monarda didima]]&#039;&#039;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*&#039;&#039;[[Monarda didima]]&#039;&#039;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;G. Mazza. [https://archive.org/details/newcrops0000nati/page/628 New Crops]. Wiley. 1993. hlm. [https://archive.org/details/newcrops0000nati/page/628 628–631]. ISBN 0-471-59374-5.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*&amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Monarda fistulosa]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*&amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Monarda fistulosa]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*[[Jintan hitam]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*[[Jintan hitam]]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;R. Zawirska-Wojtasiak. [http://www.herbapolonica.pl/magazines-files/2733672-art.3.pdf Gas chromatography, sensory analysis and electronic nose in the evaluation of black cumin (&#039;&#039;Nigella sativa&#039;&#039; L.) aroma quality]. &#039;&#039;Herba Polonica&#039;&#039;. 2010.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*&#039;&#039;[[Origanum compactum]]&#039;&#039;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*&#039;&#039;[[Origanum compactum]]&#039;&#039;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;C. Bouchra. &#039;&#039;Chemical composition and antifungal activity of essential oils of seven Moroccan Labiatae against &#039;&#039;Botrytis cinerea&#039;&#039; Pers: Fr&#039;&#039;. &#039;&#039;Journal of Ethnopharmacology&#039;&#039;. 2003. Vol. 89 (1). hlm. 165–169. doi:10.1016/S0378-8741(03)00275-7.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*&#039;&#039;[[Origanum dictamnus]]&#039;&#039;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*&#039;&#039;[[Origanum dictamnus]]&#039;&#039;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;C. C. Liolios. &#039;&#039;Liposomal incorporation of carvacrol and thymol isolated from the essential oil of &#039;&#039;Origanum dictamnus&#039;&#039; L. and &#039;&#039;in vitro&#039;&#039; antimicrobial activity&#039;&#039;. &#039;&#039;Food Chemistry&#039;&#039;. 2009. Vol. 112 (1). hlm. 77–83. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2008.05.060.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*[[Marjoram]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*[[Marjoram]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*&#039;&#039;[[Origanum microphyllum]]&#039;&#039;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*&#039;&#039;[[Origanum microphyllum]]&#039;&#039;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;N. Aligiannis. &#039;&#039;Composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils of two &#039;&#039;Origanum&#039;&#039; species&#039;&#039;. &#039;&#039;Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry&#039;&#039;. 2001. Vol. 49 (9). hlm. 4168–4170. doi:10.1021/jf001494m.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*&amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Origanum minutiflorum]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*&amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Origanum minutiflorum]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*&#039;&#039;[[Origanum onites]]&#039;&#039;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*&#039;&#039;[[Origanum onites]]&#039;&#039;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Ş. Coşkun. &#039;&#039;Acaricidal efficacy of &#039;&#039;Origanum onites&#039;&#039; L. essential oil against &#039;&#039;Rhipicephalus turanicus&#039;&#039; (Ixodidae)&#039;&#039;. &#039;&#039;Parasitology Research&#039;&#039;. 2008. Vol. 103 (2). hlm. 259–261. doi:10.1007/s00436-008-0956-x.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;G. Ruberto. &#039;&#039;Volatile flavour components of Sicilian &#039;&#039;Origanum onites&#039;&#039; L&#039;&#039;. &#039;&#039;Flavour and Fragrance Journal&#039;&#039;. 1993. Vol. 8 (4). hlm. 197–200. doi:10.1002/ffj.2730080406.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*&#039;&#039;[[Origanum scabrum]]&#039;&#039;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*&#039;&#039;[[Origanum scabrum]]&#039;&#039;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;N. Aligiannis. &#039;&#039;Composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils of two &#039;&#039;Origanum&#039;&#039; species&#039;&#039;. &#039;&#039;Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry&#039;&#039;. 2001. Vol. 49 (9). hlm. 4168–4170. doi:10.1021/jf001494m.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*&#039;&#039;[[Origanum syriacum]]&#039;&#039;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*&#039;&#039;[[Origanum syriacum]]&#039;&#039;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;A. Ghasemi Pirbalouti. [http://www.pomics.com/pirbalouti_4_4_2011_209_214.pdf Variation in antibacterial activity, thymol and carvacrol contents of wild populations of &#039;&#039;Thymus daenensis&#039;&#039; subsp. &#039;&#039;daenensis&#039;&#039; Celak]. &#039;&#039;Plant Omics&#039;&#039;. 2011. Vol. 4. hlm. 209–214.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*[[Oregano]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*[[Oregano]]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;G. D. Kanias. &#039;&#039;Trace elements and essential oil composition in chemotypes of the aromatic plant &#039;&#039;Origanum vulgare&#039;&#039;&#039;&#039;. &#039;&#039;Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry&#039;&#039;. 1998. Vol. 227 (1–2). hlm. 23–31. doi:10.1007/BF02386426.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;A. Figiel. &#039;&#039;Composition of oregano essential oil (&#039;&#039;Origanum vulgare&#039;&#039;) as affected by drying method&#039;&#039;. &#039;&#039;Journal of Food Engineering&#039;&#039;. 2010. Vol. 98 (2). hlm. 240–247. doi:10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2010.01.002.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*[[Torbangun]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*[[Torbangun]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*&amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Saturiya|Satureja]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*&amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Saturiya|Satureja]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l28&quot;&gt;Baris 28:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Baris 28:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*&amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Timbra spicata]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*&amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Timbra spicata]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*Minyak [[timi]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*Minyak [[timi]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*&#039;&#039;[[Thymus glandulosus]]&#039;&#039;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*&#039;&#039;[[Thymus glandulosus]]&#039;&#039;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;C. Bouchra. &#039;&#039;Chemical composition and antifungal activity of essential oils of seven Moroccan Labiatae against &#039;&#039;Botrytis cinerea&#039;&#039; Pers: Fr&#039;&#039;. &#039;&#039;Journal of Ethnopharmacology&#039;&#039;. 2003. Vol. 89 (1). hlm. 165–169. doi:10.1016/S0378-8741(03)00275-7.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==Sintesis dan turunannya==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==Sintesis dan turunannya==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Karvakrol mungkin disiapkan secara sintetik melalui sejumlah rute. Peleburan [[asam sulfonat]] simol dengan [[garam abu]] kaustik menghasilkan desulfonasi. Dengan aksi [[asam nitrit]] pada 1-metil-2-amino-4-propil [[benzena]], diazotisasi terjadi. Pemanasan [[kapur barus|kamfor]] dan yodium atau [[karvona]] yang berkepanjangan dengan [[asam fosfat]] glasial juga telah ditunjukkan. [[Dehidrogenasi]] karvona dengan katalis paladium-karbon telah ditetapkan.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Karvakrol mungkin disiapkan secara sintetik melalui sejumlah rute. Peleburan [[asam sulfonat]] simol dengan [[garam abu]] kaustik menghasilkan desulfonasi. Dengan aksi [[asam nitrit]] pada 1-metil-2-amino-4-propil [[benzena]], diazotisasi terjadi. Pemanasan [[kapur barus|kamfor]] dan yodium atau [[karvona]] yang berkepanjangan dengan [[asam fosfat]] glasial juga telah ditunjukkan. [[Dehidrogenasi]] karvona dengan katalis paladium-karbon telah ditetapkan.&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Karvakrol&amp;amp;oldid=29211684 sumber pada Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Ia juga telah disiapkan melalui [[transalkilasi]] [[kresol]] isopropilasi.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Ia juga telah disiapkan melalui [[transalkilasi]] [[kresol]] isopropilasi.&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Karvakrol&amp;amp;oldid=29211684 sumber pada Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Ia diekstraksi dari minyak &#039;&#039;Origanum&#039;&#039; dengan menggunakan larutan kalium 50%. Ini merupakan minyak kental yang membeku pada suhu -20 °C menjadi massa kristal dengan titik leleh 0 °C, dan titik didih 236–237 °C. Oksidasi dengan [[besi(III) klorida]] mengubahnya menjadi dikarvakrol, sedangkan [[fosforus pentaklorida]] mengubahnya menjadi klorsimol.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Ia diekstraksi dari minyak &#039;&#039;Origanum&#039;&#039; dengan menggunakan larutan kalium 50%. Ini merupakan minyak kental yang membeku pada suhu -20 °C menjadi massa kristal dengan titik leleh 0 °C, dan titik didih 236–237 °C. Oksidasi dengan [[besi(III) klorida]] mengubahnya menjadi dikarvakrol, sedangkan [[fosforus pentaklorida]] mengubahnya menjadi klorsimol.&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Karvakrol&amp;amp;oldid=29211684 sumber pada Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==Efek antimikroba==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==Efek antimikroba==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Secara &#039;&#039;in vitro&#039;&#039;, karvakrol memiliki aktivitas antimikroba terhadap 25 bakteri dan galur fitopatogenik yang berbeda termasuk: &#039;&#039;[[Cladosporium herbarum]]&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;[[Penicillium glabrum]]&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;[[Pseudomonas syringae]]&#039;&#039;, dan jamur seperti &#039;&#039;[[Fusarium verticillioides]]&#039;&#039;/&#039;&#039;F. moniliforme&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;[[Rhizoctonia solani]]&#039;&#039;/&#039;&#039;R.  solani&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;[[Sclerotinia sclerotiorum]]&#039;&#039;, dan &#039;&#039;[[Phytophthora capsici]]&#039;&#039;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Secara &#039;&#039;in vitro&#039;&#039;, karvakrol memiliki aktivitas antimikroba terhadap 25 bakteri dan galur fitopatogenik yang berbeda termasuk: &#039;&#039;[[Cladosporium herbarum]]&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;[[Penicillium glabrum]]&#039;&#039;,&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;A. Andersen. &#039;&#039;Final report on the safety assessment of sodium &#039;&#039;p&#039;&#039;-chloro-&#039;&#039;m&#039;&#039;-cresol, &#039;&#039;p&#039;&#039;-chloro-&#039;&#039;m&#039;&#039;-cresol, chlorothymol, mixed cresols, &#039;&#039;m&#039;&#039;-cresol, &#039;&#039;o&#039;&#039;-cresol, &#039;&#039;p&#039;&#039;-cresol, isopropyl cresols, thymol, &#039;&#039;o&#039;&#039;-cymen-5-ol, and carvacrol&#039;&#039;. &#039;&#039;International Journal of Toxicology&#039;&#039;. 2006. Vol. 25. hlm. 29–127. doi:10.1080/10915810600716653.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;/ins&gt;&#039;&#039;[[Pseudomonas syringae]]&#039;&#039;,&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Peien Ni. &#039;&#039;Combined Application of Bacteriophages and Carvacrol in the Control of Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae Planktonic and Biofilm Forms&#039;&#039;. &#039;&#039;Microorganisms&#039;&#039;. MDPI AG. 2020-06-02. Vol. 8 (6). hlm. 837. doi:10.3390/microorganisms8060837.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;/ins&gt;dan jamur seperti &#039;&#039;[[Fusarium verticillioides]]&#039;&#039;/&#039;&#039;F. moniliforme&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;[[Rhizoctonia solani]]&#039;&#039;/&#039;&#039;R.  solani&#039;&#039;, &#039;&#039;[[Sclerotinia sclerotiorum]]&#039;&#039;, dan &#039;&#039;[[Phytophthora capsici]]&#039;&#039;.&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;A. Andersen. &#039;&#039;Final report on the safety assessment of sodium &#039;&#039;p&#039;&#039;-chloro-&#039;&#039;m&#039;&#039;-cresol, &#039;&#039;p&#039;&#039;-chloro-&#039;&#039;m&#039;&#039;-cresol, chlorothymol, mixed cresols, &#039;&#039;m&#039;&#039;-cresol, &#039;&#039;o&#039;&#039;-cresol, &#039;&#039;p&#039;&#039;-cresol, isopropyl cresols, thymol, &#039;&#039;o&#039;&#039;-cymen-5-ol, and carvacrol&#039;&#039;. &#039;&#039;International Journal of Toxicology&#039;&#039;. 2006. Vol. 25. hlm. 29–127. doi:10.1080/10915810600716653.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Status kompendial ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Status kompendial ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* &#039;&#039;[[British Pharmacopoeia]]&#039;&#039;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* &#039;&#039;[[British Pharmacopoeia]]&#039;&#039;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://www.pharmacopoeia.co.uk/pdf/2009_index.pdf Index]. &#039;&#039;British Pharmacopoeia&#039;&#039;. 2009.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Lihat juga ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Lihat juga ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l47&quot;&gt;Baris 47:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Baris 47:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* [[Minyak atsiri]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* [[Minyak atsiri]]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;==Referensi==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Referensi ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;references /&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Sumber dan atribusi ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Sumber dan atribusi ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Konten artikel ini diadaptasi dari [https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Karvakrol&amp;amp;oldid=29211684 Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia], revisi 29211684 (2026-05-10T16:43:31Z), yang tersedia berdasarkan lisensi Creative Commons Atribusi-BerbagiSerupa (CC BY-SA). Mohon gunakan konten ini secara bijak serta sesuai dengan ketentuan lisensi yang berlaku.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Konten artikel ini diadaptasi dari [https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Karvakrol&amp;amp;oldid=29211684 Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia], revisi 29211684 (2026-05-10T16:43:31Z), yang tersedia berdasarkan lisensi Creative Commons Atribusi-BerbagiSerupa (CC BY-SA). Mohon gunakan konten ini secara bijak serta sesuai dengan ketentuan lisensi yang berlaku.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;!-- WIKI_UNISSULA_PRESENTATION_V4 --&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Maintenance script</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.unissula.ac.id/index.php?title=Karvakrol&amp;diff=27085&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Maintenance script: Impor teks terkontrol dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia; revisi 29211684; atribusi sumber disertakan.</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.unissula.ac.id/index.php?title=Karvakrol&amp;diff=27085&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2026-08-29T17:35:25Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Impor teks terkontrol dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia; revisi 29211684; atribusi sumber disertakan.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Halaman baru&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Karvakrol&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; atau &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;simofenol&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, dengan rumus molekul C&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;6&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;H&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;3&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;(CH&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;3&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;)(OH)C&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;3&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;H&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;7&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;, adalah [[fenol]] [[monoterpena|monoterpenoid]]. Ia memiliki bau khas yang menyengat dan hangat seperti [[oregano]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Ketersediaan di alam==&lt;br /&gt;
Karvakrol terdapat dalam minyak atsiri [[oregano]], minyak [[timi]], minyak yang diperoleh dari &amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Lepidium]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, dan &amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Monarda fistulosa]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;. Minyak atsiri subspesies timi mengandung antara 5% dan 75% karvakrol, sedangkan subspesies [[saturiya|satureja]] memiliki kandungan antara 1% dan 45%. [[Marjoram]] dan &amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Oreganun dictamnus]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039; kaya akan karvakrol, masing-masing konsentrasinya 50% dan 60–80%.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Senyawa ini juga ditemukan dalam &amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[tequila]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039; dan &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Lippia graveolens&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (oregano Meksiko) dalam famili [[Verbenaceae]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Sumber==&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Lavandula multifida]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Lepidium]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Lippia Graveolens]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Monarda didima]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Monarda fistulosa]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Jintan hitam]]&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Origanum compactum]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Origanum dictamnus]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Marjoram]]&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Origanum microphyllum]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Origanum minutiflorum]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Origanum onites]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Origanum scabrum]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Origanum syriacum]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Oregano]]&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Torbangun]]&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Saturiya|Satureja]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Satureja timbra]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Tequila]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Timbra spicata]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&lt;br /&gt;
*Minyak [[timi]]&lt;br /&gt;
*&amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Thymus glandulosus]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Sintesis dan turunannya==&lt;br /&gt;
Karvakrol mungkin disiapkan secara sintetik melalui sejumlah rute. Peleburan [[asam sulfonat]] simol dengan [[garam abu]] kaustik menghasilkan desulfonasi. Dengan aksi [[asam nitrit]] pada 1-metil-2-amino-4-propil [[benzena]], diazotisasi terjadi. Pemanasan [[kapur barus|kamfor]] dan yodium atau [[karvona]] yang berkepanjangan dengan [[asam fosfat]] glasial juga telah ditunjukkan. [[Dehidrogenasi]] karvona dengan katalis paladium-karbon telah ditetapkan.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Ia juga telah disiapkan melalui [[transalkilasi]] [[kresol]] isopropilasi.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Ia diekstraksi dari minyak &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Origanum&amp;#039;&amp;#039; dengan menggunakan larutan kalium 50%. Ini merupakan minyak kental yang membeku pada suhu -20 °C menjadi massa kristal dengan titik leleh 0 °C, dan titik didih 236–237 °C. Oksidasi dengan [[besi(III) klorida]] mengubahnya menjadi dikarvakrol, sedangkan [[fosforus pentaklorida]] mengubahnya menjadi klorsimol.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Efek antimikroba==&lt;br /&gt;
Secara &amp;#039;&amp;#039;in vitro&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, karvakrol memiliki aktivitas antimikroba terhadap 25 bakteri dan galur fitopatogenik yang berbeda termasuk: &amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Cladosporium herbarum]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, &amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Penicillium glabrum]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, &amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Pseudomonas syringae]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, dan jamur seperti &amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Fusarium verticillioides]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;/&amp;#039;&amp;#039;F. moniliforme&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, &amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Rhizoctonia solani]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;/&amp;#039;&amp;#039;R.  solani&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, &amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Sclerotinia sclerotiorum]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, dan &amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Phytophthora capsici]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Status kompendial ==&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[British Pharmacopoeia]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Lihat juga ==&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Timol]]&lt;br /&gt;
* [[Minyak atsiri]]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Referensi==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Sumber dan atribusi ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Konten artikel ini diadaptasi dari [https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Karvakrol&amp;amp;oldid=29211684 Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia], revisi 29211684 (2026-05-10T16:43:31Z), yang tersedia berdasarkan lisensi Creative Commons Atribusi-BerbagiSerupa (CC BY-SA). Mohon gunakan konten ini secara bijak serta sesuai dengan ketentuan lisensi yang berlaku.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Maintenance script</name></author>
	</entry>
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