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	<id>https://wiki.unissula.ac.id/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Marvin_Minsky</id>
	<title>Marvin Minsky - Riwayat revisi</title>
	<link rel="self" type="application/atom+xml" href="https://wiki.unissula.ac.id/index.php?action=history&amp;feed=atom&amp;title=Marvin_Minsky"/>
	<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.unissula.ac.id/index.php?title=Marvin_Minsky&amp;action=history"/>
	<updated>2026-09-15T14:53:20Z</updated>
	<subtitle>Riwayat revisi halaman ini di wiki</subtitle>
	<generator>MediaWiki 1.46.0</generator>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.unissula.ac.id/index.php?title=Marvin_Minsky&amp;diff=36930&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Maintenance script: Pembersihan konten sesuai kebijakan Wiki Unissula</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.unissula.ac.id/index.php?title=Marvin_Minsky&amp;diff=36930&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2026-09-09T06:24:42Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Pembersihan konten sesuai kebijakan Wiki Unissula&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw-interface=&quot;&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Revisi sebelumnya&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revisi per 9 September 2026 06.24&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l3&quot;&gt;Baris 3:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Baris 3:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Marvin Lee Minsky&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; () adalah seorang ilmuwan kognitif Amerika yang ahli dalam bidang [[kecerdasan buatan]], salah satu pendiri laboratorium kecerdasan buatan di [[Institut Teknologi Massachusetts]], dan penulis beberapa teks tentang kecerdasan buatan dan [[filsafat]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marvin+Minsky&amp;amp;oldid=29171445 sumber pada Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marvin+Minsky&amp;amp;oldid=29171445 sumber pada Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=marvin+minsky Marvin Minsky&amp;#039;s publications in Google Scholar]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Marvin Lee Minsky&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; () adalah seorang ilmuwan kognitif Amerika yang ahli dalam bidang [[kecerdasan buatan]], salah satu pendiri laboratorium kecerdasan buatan di [[Institut Teknologi Massachusetts]], dan penulis beberapa teks tentang kecerdasan buatan dan [[filsafat]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marvin+Minsky&amp;amp;oldid=29171445 sumber pada Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marvin+Minsky&amp;amp;oldid=29171445 sumber pada Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=marvin+minsky Marvin Minsky&amp;#039;s publications in Google Scholar]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;== Biografi ==&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Marvin Lee Minsky lahir di [[Kota New York]] dari pasangan ahli bedah mata dan aktivis Yahudi,&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://books.google.com/books?id=LJQjKkphxjUC&amp;amp;pg=PA188&amp;amp;dq=marvin+minsky+jewish&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;ei=QC_WTNf1EsK5jAeLg-24CQ&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;oi=book_result&amp;amp;ct=result&amp;amp;resnum=3&amp;amp;ved=0CDYQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=marvin%20minsky%20jewish&amp;amp;f=false Science in the contemporary world: an encyclopedia] ISBN 1-85109-524-1&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; ia belajar di [[The Fieldston School]] dan [[Bronx High School of Science]]. Dia kemudian malanjutkan studi di [[Akademi Phillips]] di [[Andover, Massachusetts]]. Ia sempat bertugas di [[Angkatan Laut Amerika Serikat]] dari 1944 sampai 1945. Dia memegang gelar BA dalam bidang [[matematika]] dari [[Universitas Harvard]] (1950) dan gelar PhD dalam bidang yang sama dari [[Universitas Princeton]] (1954).&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Marvin Lee Minsky. [http://search.proquest.com/docview/301998727 Theory of Neural-Analog Reinforcement Systems and Its Application to the Brain Model Problem]. Princeton University. 1954.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Danny Hillis. [http://www.aaai.org/ojs/index.php/aimagazine/article/view/2064/2058 In Honor of Marvin Minsky’s Contributions on his 80th Birthday]. &#039;&#039;AI Magazine&#039;&#039;. Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence. 2007. Vol. 28 (4). hlm. 103–110.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Ia telah bekerja di [[Institut Teknologi Massachusetts|MIT]] sejak 1958. Pada 1959&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Horgan, John. &#039;&#039;Profile: Marvin L. Minsky: The Mastermind of Artificial Intelligence&#039;&#039;. &#039;&#039;Scientific American&#039;&#039;. November 1993. Vol. 269 (5). hlm. 14–15. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican1193-35.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; ia dan [[John McCarthy]] mendirikan apa yang sekarang dikenal sebagai [[MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory]]. Pada saat kematiannya, ia adalah Profesor Toshiba [[Media Arts]] and Sciences, dan profesor [[teknik listrik]] dan [[ilmu komputer]].&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Penemuan-penemuan Minsky adalah termasuk &amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[head-mounted graphical display]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039; pertama (1963) dan [[mikroskop konfokal]]&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;M. Minsky. &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Memoir on inventing the confocal scanning microscope&amp;#039;&amp;#039;. &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Scanning&amp;#039;&amp;#039;. 1988. Vol. 10 (4). hlm. 128–138. doi:10.1002/sca.4950100403.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; (1957, pendahulu dari [[mikroskop pemindaian laser konfokal]]). Ia bersama [[Seymour Papert]] mengembangkan robot pertama berbasis bahasa pemrograman [[bahasa pemrograman Logo|Logo]] yang diberi nama &amp;quot;[[penyu (robot)|penyu]]&amp;quot;. Pada 1951, Minsky juga membuat mesin belajar jaringan saraf berkabel acak pertama, [[Stochastic neural analog reinforcement calculator|SNARC]].&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Penemuan-penemuan Minsky adalah termasuk &amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[head-mounted graphical display]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039; pertama (1963) dan [[mikroskop konfokal]]&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;M. Minsky. &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Memoir on inventing the confocal scanning microscope&amp;#039;&amp;#039;. &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Scanning&amp;#039;&amp;#039;. 1988. Vol. 10 (4). hlm. 128–138. doi:10.1002/sca.4950100403.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; (1957, pendahulu dari [[mikroskop pemindaian laser konfokal]]). Ia bersama [[Seymour Papert]] mengembangkan robot pertama berbasis bahasa pemrograman [[bahasa pemrograman Logo|Logo]] yang diberi nama &amp;quot;[[penyu (robot)|penyu]]&amp;quot;. Pada 1951, Minsky juga membuat mesin belajar jaringan saraf berkabel acak pertama, [[Stochastic neural analog reinforcement calculator|SNARC]].&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Maintenance script</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.unissula.ac.id/index.php?title=Marvin_Minsky&amp;diff=943&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Maintenance script: Presentation V4: sitasi, referensi, Math, Wikimedia Commons, dan atribusi</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.unissula.ac.id/index.php?title=Marvin_Minsky&amp;diff=943&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2026-08-23T04:06:37Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Presentation V4: sitasi, referensi, Math, Wikimedia Commons, dan atribusi&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122;&quot; data-mw-interface=&quot;&quot;&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; /&gt;
				&lt;col class=&quot;diff-content&quot; /&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Revisi sebelumnya&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revisi per 23 Agustus 2026 04.06&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot;&gt;Baris 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Baris 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;Marvin Lee Minsky&#039;&#039;&#039; () adalah seorang ilmuwan kognitif Amerika yang ahli dalam bidang [[kecerdasan buatan]], salah satu pendiri laboratorium kecerdasan buatan di [[Institut Teknologi Massachusetts]], dan penulis beberapa teks tentang kecerdasan buatan dan [[filsafat]].&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;[[File:Marvin_Minsky_at_OLPCb_(3x4_cropped).jpg|thumb|right|280px|Marvin Minsky at OLPCb (3x4 cropped)]]&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;Marvin Lee Minsky&#039;&#039;&#039; () adalah seorang ilmuwan kognitif Amerika yang ahli dalam bidang [[kecerdasan buatan]], salah satu pendiri laboratorium kecerdasan buatan di [[Institut Teknologi Massachusetts]], dan penulis beberapa teks tentang kecerdasan buatan dan [[filsafat]].&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marvin+Minsky&amp;amp;oldid=29171445 sumber pada Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marvin+Minsky&amp;amp;oldid=29171445 sumber pada Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=marvin+minsky Marvin Minsky&#039;s publications in Google Scholar]&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Biografi ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Biografi ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Marvin Lee Minsky lahir di [[Kota New York]] dari pasangan ahli bedah mata dan aktivis Yahudi, ia belajar di [[The Fieldston School]] dan [[Bronx High School of Science]]. Dia kemudian malanjutkan studi di [[Akademi Phillips]] di [[Andover, Massachusetts]]. Ia sempat bertugas di [[Angkatan Laut Amerika Serikat]] dari 1944 sampai 1945. Dia memegang gelar BA dalam bidang [[matematika]] dari [[Universitas Harvard]] (1950) dan gelar PhD dalam bidang yang sama dari [[Universitas Princeton]] (1954). Ia telah bekerja di [[Institut Teknologi Massachusetts|MIT]] sejak 1958. Pada 1959 ia dan [[John McCarthy]] mendirikan apa yang sekarang dikenal sebagai [[MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory]]. Pada saat kematiannya, ia adalah Profesor Toshiba [[Media Arts]] and Sciences, dan profesor [[teknik listrik]] dan [[ilmu komputer]].&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Marvin Lee Minsky lahir di [[Kota New York]] dari pasangan ahli bedah mata dan aktivis Yahudi,&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[http://books.google.com/books?id=LJQjKkphxjUC&amp;amp;pg=PA188&amp;amp;dq=marvin+minsky+jewish&amp;amp;hl=en&amp;amp;ei=QC_WTNf1EsK5jAeLg-24CQ&amp;amp;sa=X&amp;amp;oi=book_result&amp;amp;ct=result&amp;amp;resnum=3&amp;amp;ved=0CDYQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=marvin%20minsky%20jewish&amp;amp;f=false Science in the contemporary world: an encyclopedia] ISBN 1-85109-524-1&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;/ins&gt;ia belajar di [[The Fieldston School]] dan [[Bronx High School of Science]]. Dia kemudian malanjutkan studi di [[Akademi Phillips]] di [[Andover, Massachusetts]]. Ia sempat bertugas di [[Angkatan Laut Amerika Serikat]] dari 1944 sampai 1945. Dia memegang gelar BA dalam bidang [[matematika]] dari [[Universitas Harvard]] (1950) dan gelar PhD dalam bidang yang sama dari [[Universitas Princeton]] (1954).&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Marvin Lee Minsky. [http://search.proquest.com/docview/301998727 Theory of Neural-Analog Reinforcement Systems and Its Application to the Brain Model Problem]. Princeton University. 1954.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Danny Hillis. [http://www.aaai.org/ojs/index.php/aimagazine/article/view/2064/2058 In Honor of Marvin Minsky’s Contributions on his 80th Birthday]. &#039;&#039;AI Magazine&#039;&#039;. Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence. 2007. Vol. 28 (4). hlm. 103–110.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;/ins&gt;Ia telah bekerja di [[Institut Teknologi Massachusetts|MIT]] sejak 1958. Pada 1959&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Horgan, John. &#039;&#039;Profile: Marvin L. Minsky: The Mastermind of Artificial Intelligence&#039;&#039;. &#039;&#039;Scientific American&#039;&#039;. November 1993. Vol. 269 (5). hlm. 14–15. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican1193-35.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;/ins&gt;ia dan [[John McCarthy]] mendirikan apa yang sekarang dikenal sebagai [[MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory]]. Pada saat kematiannya, ia adalah Profesor Toshiba [[Media Arts]] and Sciences, dan profesor [[teknik listrik]] dan [[ilmu komputer]].&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Penemuan-penemuan Minsky adalah termasuk &#039;&#039;[[head-mounted graphical display]]&#039;&#039; pertama (1963) dan [[mikroskop konfokal]] (1957, pendahulu dari [[mikroskop pemindaian laser konfokal]]). Ia bersama [[Seymour Papert]] mengembangkan robot pertama berbasis bahasa pemrograman [[bahasa pemrograman Logo|Logo]] yang diberi nama &quot;[[penyu (robot)|penyu]]&quot;. Pada 1951, Minsky juga membuat mesin belajar jaringan saraf berkabel acak pertama, [[Stochastic neural analog reinforcement calculator|SNARC]].&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Penemuan-penemuan Minsky adalah termasuk &#039;&#039;[[head-mounted graphical display]]&#039;&#039; pertama (1963) dan [[mikroskop konfokal]]&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;M. Minsky. &#039;&#039;Memoir on inventing the confocal scanning microscope&#039;&#039;. &#039;&#039;Scanning&#039;&#039;. 1988. Vol. 10 (4). hlm. 128–138. doi:10.1002/sca.4950100403.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;/ins&gt;(1957, pendahulu dari [[mikroskop pemindaian laser konfokal]]). Ia bersama [[Seymour Papert]] mengembangkan robot pertama berbasis bahasa pemrograman [[bahasa pemrograman Logo|Logo]] yang diberi nama &quot;[[penyu (robot)|penyu]]&quot;. Pada 1951, Minsky juga membuat mesin belajar jaringan saraf berkabel acak pertama, [[Stochastic neural analog reinforcement calculator|SNARC]].&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Beberapa karya Minsky ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Beberapa karya Minsky ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l17&quot;&gt;Baris 17:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Baris 19:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;The Turing Option&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, with [[Harry Harrison]], Warner Books, New York, 1992.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;The Turing Option&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, with [[Harry Harrison]], Warner Books, New York, 1992.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;The Emotion Machine&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, Simon and Schuster, due in 2007. ISBN 0-7432-7663-9&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;The Emotion Machine&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, Simon and Schuster, due in 2007. ISBN 0-7432-7663-9&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;== Referensi ==&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Pranala luar ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Pranala luar ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* [http://web.media.mit.edu/~minsky/ Marvin Minsky&amp;#039;s home page]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* [http://web.media.mit.edu/~minsky/ Marvin Minsky&amp;#039;s home page]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* [http://mitpress.mit.edu/e-books/Hal/chap2/two1.html Scientist on the Set: An Interview with Marvin Minsky]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* [http://mitpress.mit.edu/e-books/Hal/chap2/two1.html Scientist on the Set: An Interview with Marvin Minsky]  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* [http://www.edge.org/3rd_culture/minsky/minsky_p2.html Consciousness Is A Big Suitcase: A talk with Marvin Minsky]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* [http://www.edge.org/3rd_culture/minsky/minsky_p2.html Consciousness Is A Big Suitcase: A talk with Marvin Minsky]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* [http://necsi.org/events/iccs/video/iccs2002wednesday/5-minskyclip.html Video of Minsky speaking at the International Conference on Complex Systems, hosted by the New England Complex Systems Institute (NECSI)]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* [http://necsi.org/events/iccs/video/iccs2002wednesday/5-minskyclip.html Video of Minsky speaking at the International Conference on Complex Systems, hosted by the New England Complex Systems Institute (NECSI)]  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* [http://groups.google.com/groups?enc_author=YgB1MhQAAAB1gYYqVvjyi9tx8UCDXE2y6ByVaTvQhk5i4n6ZEwWJug&amp;amp;scoring=d Marvin Minsky&amp;#039;s Usenet posts] (most of them, archived at Google Groups)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* [http://groups.google.com/groups?enc_author=YgB1MhQAAAB1gYYqVvjyi9tx8UCDXE2y6ByVaTvQhk5i4n6ZEwWJug&amp;amp;scoring=d Marvin Minsky&amp;#039;s Usenet posts] (most of them, archived at Google Groups)&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;== Referensi ==&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;references /&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;== Sumber dan atribusi ==&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Sumber &lt;/del&gt;dan &lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;atribusi ==&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Konten artikel ini diadaptasi dari [https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title&lt;/ins&gt;=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Marvin+Minsky&amp;amp;oldid&lt;/ins&gt;=&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;29171445 Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia], revisi 29171445 (2026-04-28T00:16:32Z), yang tersedia berdasarkan lisensi Creative Commons Atribusi-BerbagiSerupa (CC BY-SA). Gambar pada artikel ini bersumber dari Wikimedia Commons &lt;/ins&gt;dan &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;mengikuti ketentuan lisensi masing-masing berkas. Mohon gunakan konten dan media secara bijak serta sesuai dengan ketentuan lisensi yang berlaku.&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;Konten artikel ini diadaptasi dari [https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marvin+Minsky&amp;amp;oldid=29171445 Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia], revisi 29171445 (2026&lt;/del&gt;-&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;04&lt;/del&gt;-&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;28T00:16:32Z), yang tersedia berdasarkan lisensi Creative Commons Atribusi&lt;/del&gt;-&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;BerbagiSerupa (CC BY&lt;/del&gt;-&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;SA). Mohon gunakan konten ini secara bijak serta sesuai dengan ketentuan lisensi yang berlaku.&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;!&lt;/ins&gt;-- &lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;WIKI_UNISSULA_PRESENTATION_V4 &lt;/ins&gt;--&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Maintenance script</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.unissula.ac.id/index.php?title=Marvin_Minsky&amp;diff=543&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Maintenance script: Impor teks terkontrol dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia; revisi 29171445; atribusi sumber disertakan.</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.unissula.ac.id/index.php?title=Marvin_Minsky&amp;diff=543&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2026-08-23T03:28:20Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Impor teks terkontrol dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia; revisi 29171445; atribusi sumber disertakan.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Halaman baru&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Marvin Lee Minsky&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; () adalah seorang ilmuwan kognitif Amerika yang ahli dalam bidang [[kecerdasan buatan]], salah satu pendiri laboratorium kecerdasan buatan di [[Institut Teknologi Massachusetts]], dan penulis beberapa teks tentang kecerdasan buatan dan [[filsafat]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Biografi ==&lt;br /&gt;
Marvin Lee Minsky lahir di [[Kota New York]] dari pasangan ahli bedah mata dan aktivis Yahudi, ia belajar di [[The Fieldston School]] dan [[Bronx High School of Science]]. Dia kemudian malanjutkan studi di [[Akademi Phillips]] di [[Andover, Massachusetts]]. Ia sempat bertugas di [[Angkatan Laut Amerika Serikat]] dari 1944 sampai 1945. Dia memegang gelar BA dalam bidang [[matematika]] dari [[Universitas Harvard]] (1950) dan gelar PhD dalam bidang yang sama dari [[Universitas Princeton]] (1954). Ia telah bekerja di [[Institut Teknologi Massachusetts|MIT]] sejak 1958. Pada 1959 ia dan [[John McCarthy]] mendirikan apa yang sekarang dikenal sebagai [[MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory]]. Pada saat kematiannya, ia adalah Profesor Toshiba [[Media Arts]] and Sciences, dan profesor [[teknik listrik]] dan [[ilmu komputer]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Penemuan-penemuan Minsky adalah termasuk &amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[head-mounted graphical display]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039; pertama (1963) dan [[mikroskop konfokal]] (1957, pendahulu dari [[mikroskop pemindaian laser konfokal]]). Ia bersama [[Seymour Papert]] mengembangkan robot pertama berbasis bahasa pemrograman [[bahasa pemrograman Logo|Logo]] yang diberi nama &amp;quot;[[penyu (robot)|penyu]]&amp;quot;. Pada 1951, Minsky juga membuat mesin belajar jaringan saraf berkabel acak pertama, [[Stochastic neural analog reinforcement calculator|SNARC]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Beberapa karya Minsky ==&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Neural Nets and the Brain Model Problem&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, disertasi Ph.D., Princeton University, 1954.&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Computation: Finite and Infinite Machines&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, Prentice-Hall, 1967.&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Semantic Information Processing&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, MIT Press, 1968.&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Perceptrons&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, with [[Seymour Papert]], MIT Press, 1969 (Enlarged edition, 1988).&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Artificial Intelligence&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, with Seymour Papert, Univ. of Oregon Press, 1972.&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://web.media.mit.edu/~minsky/papers/AlienIntelligence.html Communication with Alien Intelligence], 1985&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Robotics&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, Doubleday, 1986.&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[The Society of Mind]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, Simon and Schuster, 1987.&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;The Turing Option&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, with [[Harry Harrison]], Warner Books, New York, 1992.&lt;br /&gt;
* &amp;#039;&amp;#039;The Emotion Machine&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, Simon and Schuster, due in 2007. ISBN 0-7432-7663-9&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Referensi ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Pranala luar ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://web.media.mit.edu/~minsky/ Marvin Minsky&amp;#039;s home page]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://mitpress.mit.edu/e-books/Hal/chap2/two1.html Scientist on the Set: An Interview with Marvin Minsky]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://www.edge.org/3rd_culture/minsky/minsky_p2.html Consciousness Is A Big Suitcase: A talk with Marvin Minsky]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://necsi.org/events/iccs/video/iccs2002wednesday/5-minskyclip.html Video of Minsky speaking at the International Conference on Complex Systems, hosted by the New England Complex Systems Institute (NECSI)]&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://groups.google.com/groups?enc_author=YgB1MhQAAAB1gYYqVvjyi9tx8UCDXE2y6ByVaTvQhk5i4n6ZEwWJug&amp;amp;scoring=d Marvin Minsky&amp;#039;s Usenet posts] (most of them, archived at Google Groups)&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Sumber dan atribusi ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Konten artikel ini diadaptasi dari [https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marvin+Minsky&amp;amp;oldid=29171445 Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia], revisi 29171445 (2026-04-28T00:16:32Z), yang tersedia berdasarkan lisensi Creative Commons Atribusi-BerbagiSerupa (CC BY-SA). Mohon gunakan konten ini secara bijak serta sesuai dengan ketentuan lisensi yang berlaku.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Maintenance script</name></author>
	</entry>
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