https://wiki.unissula.ac.id/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Metalurgi_besi
Metalurgi besi - Riwayat revisi
2026-09-16T08:00:50Z
Riwayat revisi halaman ini di wiki
MediaWiki 1.46.0
https://wiki.unissula.ac.id/index.php?title=Metalurgi_besi&diff=21098&oldid=prev
Maintenance script: Presentation V4: sitasi, referensi, Math, Wikimedia Commons, dan atribusi
2026-08-28T04:03:53Z
<p>Presentation V4: sitasi, referensi, Math, Wikimedia Commons, dan atribusi</p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw-interface="">
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<tr class="diff-title" lang="id">
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Revisi sebelumnya</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revisi per 28 Agustus 2026 04.03</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l1">Baris 1:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Baris 1:</td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">'''Metalurgi besi''' adalah </del>[[<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">metalurgi]] untuk [[besi]] dan [[Daftar logam paduan#Besi</del>|<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">logam paduannya</del>]]<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">. Kegiatan ini sudah berlangsung sejak zaman [[prasejarah]]. [[Artefak]] besi dari milenium ke-4 SM di [[Mesir]], baru-baru ini berhasil ditemukan, yang terbuat dari [[paduan besi-nikel]] [[meteorit]].</del></div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">File:Bas_fourneau.png|thumb|right|280px</ins>|<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Bas fourneau</ins>]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Belum diketahui secara pasti kapan atau di mana [[peleburan]] besi dari [[bijih]] dimulai, tetapi pada akhir milenium ke-2 SM besi diproduksi dari [[bijih besi]], mulai dari [[Sub-Sahara Afrika]] hingga [[Tiongkok]]. Penggunaan [[besi tempa]] mulai dikenal pada milenium pertama SM, dan penyebarannya menandai [[Zaman Besi]]. Dalam periode [[abad pertengahan]], peralatan dan teknik [[finery forge]] diciptakan di Eropa untuk memproduksi besi tempa dari [[besi tuang]] (dalam konteks ini dikenal sebagai [[besi kasar]]), yang dalam prosesnya membutuhkan [[arang]] sebagai [[bahan bakar]]nya.</div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">'''Metalurgi besi''' adalah [[metalurgi]] untuk [[besi]] dan [[Daftar logam paduan#Besi|logam paduannya]]. Kegiatan ini sudah berlangsung sejak zaman [[prasejarah]]. [[Artefak]] besi dari milenium ke-4 SM di [[Mesir]], baru-baru ini berhasil ditemukan,<ref>T Rehren. [http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1430496/1/Rehren_et_al_2013_Petrie_iron_beads_JAS_40.pdf 5,000 years old Egyptian iron beads made from hammered meteoritic iron]. ''Journal of Archaeological Science''. 2013. Vol. 40 (12). hlm. 4785–4792. doi:10.1016/j.jas.2013.06.002.</ref> yang terbuat dari [[paduan besi-nikel]] [[meteorit]].<ref>E. Photos. ''The Question of Meteoritic versus Smelted Nickel-Rich Iron: Archaeological Evidence and Experimental Results''. ''World Archaeology''. 1989. Vol. 20 (3). hlm. 403–421. doi:10.1080/00438243.1989.9980081.</ref></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Belum diketahui secara pasti kapan atau di mana [[peleburan]] besi dari [[bijih]] dimulai, tetapi pada akhir milenium ke-2 SM besi diproduksi dari [[bijih besi]], mulai dari [[Sub-Sahara Afrika]] hingga [[Tiongkok]].<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"><ref>Duncan E. Miller. [https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-african-history_1994_35_1/page/1 Early Metal Working in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Review of Recent Research]. ''Journal of African History''. 1994. Vol. 35. hlm. 1–36. doi:10.1017/s0021853700025949.</ref><ref>Minze Stuiver. [https://archive.org/details/sim_current-anthropology_1968-02_9_1/page/54 Radiocarbon Chronology of the Iron Age in Sub-Saharan Africa]. ''Current Anthropology''. 1968. Vol. 9. hlm. 54–58. doi:10.1086/200878.</ref> </ins>Penggunaan [[besi tempa]] mulai dikenal pada milenium pertama SM, dan penyebarannya menandai [[Zaman Besi]]. Dalam periode [[abad pertengahan]], peralatan dan teknik [[finery forge]] diciptakan di Eropa untuk memproduksi besi tempa dari [[besi tuang]] (dalam konteks ini dikenal sebagai [[besi kasar]]), yang dalam prosesnya membutuhkan [[arang]] sebagai [[bahan bakar]]nya.</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Catatan ==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Catatan ==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></del></div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></del></div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">== Referensi ==</del></div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">* Ebrey, Walthall, Palais, (2006). ''East Asia: A Cultural, Social, and Political History''. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company.</del></div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">* Knowles, Anne Kelly. (2013) ''Mastering Iron: The Struggle to Modernize an American Industry, 1800–1868'' (University of Chicago Press) 334 pages</del></div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">* Needham, Joseph (1986). ''Science and Civilization in China: Volume 4, Part 2''; Needham, Joseph (1986). ''Science and Civilization in China: Volume 4, Part 3''.</del></div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"></del></div></td><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-added"></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Pranala luar ==</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== Pranala luar ==</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>*</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>*</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">== Referensi ==</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"><references /></ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">== Sumber dan atribusi ==</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>== <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Sumber </del>dan <del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">atribusi ==</del></div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Konten artikel ini diadaptasi dari [https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title</ins>=<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Metalurgi+besi&oldid</ins>=<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">29570437 Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia], revisi 29570437 (2026-08-13T07:53:34Z), yang tersedia berdasarkan lisensi Creative Commons Atribusi-BerbagiSerupa (CC BY-SA). Gambar pada artikel ini bersumber dari Wikimedia Commons </ins>dan <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">mengikuti ketentuan lisensi masing-masing berkas. Mohon gunakan konten dan media secara bijak serta sesuai dengan ketentuan lisensi yang berlaku.</ins></div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">Konten artikel ini diadaptasi dari [https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Metalurgi+besi&oldid=29570437 Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia], revisi 29570437 (2026</del>-<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">08</del>-<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">13T07:53:34Z), yang tersedia berdasarkan lisensi Creative Commons Atribusi</del>-<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">BerbagiSerupa (CC BY</del>-<del style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">SA). Mohon gunakan konten ini secara bijak serta sesuai dengan ketentuan lisensi yang berlaku.</del></div></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;"><!</ins>-- <ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">WIKI_UNISSULA_PRESENTATION_V4 </ins>--<ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">></ins></div></td></tr>
</table>
Maintenance script
https://wiki.unissula.ac.id/index.php?title=Metalurgi_besi&diff=20699&oldid=prev
Maintenance script: Impor teks terkontrol dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia; revisi 29570437; atribusi sumber disertakan.
2026-08-28T03:33:25Z
<p>Impor teks terkontrol dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia; revisi 29570437; atribusi sumber disertakan.</p>
<p><b>Halaman baru</b></p><div>'''Metalurgi besi''' adalah [[metalurgi]] untuk [[besi]] dan [[Daftar logam paduan#Besi|logam paduannya]]. Kegiatan ini sudah berlangsung sejak zaman [[prasejarah]]. [[Artefak]] besi dari milenium ke-4 SM di [[Mesir]], baru-baru ini berhasil ditemukan, yang terbuat dari [[paduan besi-nikel]] [[meteorit]].<br />
<br />
Belum diketahui secara pasti kapan atau di mana [[peleburan]] besi dari [[bijih]] dimulai, tetapi pada akhir milenium ke-2 SM besi diproduksi dari [[bijih besi]], mulai dari [[Sub-Sahara Afrika]] hingga [[Tiongkok]]. Penggunaan [[besi tempa]] mulai dikenal pada milenium pertama SM, dan penyebarannya menandai [[Zaman Besi]]. Dalam periode [[abad pertengahan]], peralatan dan teknik [[finery forge]] diciptakan di Eropa untuk memproduksi besi tempa dari [[besi tuang]] (dalam konteks ini dikenal sebagai [[besi kasar]]), yang dalam prosesnya membutuhkan [[arang]] sebagai [[bahan bakar]]nya.<br />
<br />
== Catatan ==<br />
<br />
<br />
== Referensi ==<br />
* Ebrey, Walthall, Palais, (2006). ''East Asia: A Cultural, Social, and Political History''. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company.<br />
* Knowles, Anne Kelly. (2013) ''Mastering Iron: The Struggle to Modernize an American Industry, 1800–1868'' (University of Chicago Press) 334 pages<br />
* Needham, Joseph (1986). ''Science and Civilization in China: Volume 4, Part 2''; Needham, Joseph (1986). ''Science and Civilization in China: Volume 4, Part 3''.<br />
<br />
== Pranala luar ==<br />
*<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
== Sumber dan atribusi ==<br />
<br />
Konten artikel ini diadaptasi dari [https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Metalurgi+besi&oldid=29570437 Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia], revisi 29570437 (2026-08-13T07:53:34Z), yang tersedia berdasarkan lisensi Creative Commons Atribusi-BerbagiSerupa (CC BY-SA). Mohon gunakan konten ini secara bijak serta sesuai dengan ketentuan lisensi yang berlaku.</div>
Maintenance script