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	<title>Peristiwa anoksik - Riwayat revisi</title>
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		<title>Maintenance script: Presentation V4: sitasi, referensi, Math, Wikimedia Commons, dan atribusi</title>
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		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Presentation V4: sitasi, referensi, Math, Wikimedia Commons, dan atribusi&lt;/p&gt;
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				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;← Revisi sebelumnya&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;&quot;&gt;Revisi per 28 Agustus 2026 04.11&lt;/td&gt;
				&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot; id=&quot;mw-diff-left-l1&quot;&gt;Baris 1:&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-lineno&quot;&gt;Baris 1:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;Peristiwa anoksik oseanik&#039;&#039;&#039; atau &#039;&#039;&#039;peristiwa anoksik&#039;&#039;&#039; (kondisi [[perairan anoksik|anoksia]]) merujuk kepada interval pada masa lalu Bumi dimana belahan-belahan [[samudra]] terisi dengan [[oksigen|oksigen (O&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;)]] di kedalaman pada sebuah wilayah geografi besar. Pada beberapa peristiwa, perairan [[euksinia]] yang terdiri dari [[hidrogen sulfida]] , dikembangkan. Meski peristiwa ini tidak terjadi selama jutaan tahun, catatan geologis menunjukkan bahwa peristiwa anoksik telah terjadi beberapa kali di masa lalu. Peristiwa anoksik bertepatan dengan beberapa [[kepunahan massal]] dan mungkin berkontribusi kepadanya. Peristiwa kepunahan massal ini mencakup beberapa yang [[Geobiologi|geobiolog]] gunakan sebagai [[GSSP|penanda waktu]] dengan penanggalan [[biostratigrafi]]. Di sisi lain, ada berbagai lapisan [[serpih hitam]] yang tersebar di seluruh dunia, yang berasal dari [[Kapur (zaman)|Kapur Tengah]] yang mengindikasikan adanya peristiwa anoksik tetapi tidak berhubungan dengan kepunahan massal. Banyak geolog percaya bahwa peristiwa ini terhubung erat dengan melambatya sirkulasi laut, pemanasan iklim dan naiknya [[gas rumah kaca]]. Peneliti menyarankan volkanisme berkembang (terlepasnya CO2) sebagai &quot;pemicu pusat eksternal dari euksinia&quot;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&#039;&#039;&#039;Peristiwa anoksik oseanik&#039;&#039;&#039; atau &#039;&#039;&#039;peristiwa anoksik&#039;&#039;&#039; (kondisi [[perairan anoksik|anoksia]]) merujuk kepada interval pada masa lalu Bumi dimana belahan-belahan [[samudra]] terisi dengan [[oksigen|oksigen (O&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;)]] di kedalaman pada sebuah wilayah geografi besar. Pada beberapa peristiwa, perairan [[euksinia]] yang terdiri dari [[hidrogen sulfida]] , dikembangkan.&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Timothy W. Lyons. [http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.earth.36.031207.124233 Tracking Euxinia in the Ancient Ocean: A Multiproxy Perspective and Proterozoic Case Study]. &#039;&#039;Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences&#039;&#039;. January 19, 2009. Vol. 37. hlm. 507–53. doi:10.1146/annurev.earth.36.031207.124233.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;/ins&gt;Meski peristiwa ini tidak terjadi selama jutaan tahun, catatan geologis menunjukkan bahwa peristiwa anoksik telah terjadi beberapa kali di masa lalu. Peristiwa anoksik bertepatan dengan beberapa [[kepunahan massal]] dan mungkin berkontribusi kepadanya.&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Paul B. Wignall. [https://archive.org/details/sim_science_1996-05-24_272_5265/page/1155 Oceanic Anoxia and the End Permian Mass Extinction]. &#039;&#039;Science&#039;&#039;. 24 May 1996. Vol. 272 (5265). hlm. 1155–1158. doi:10.1126/science.272.5265.1155.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;/ins&gt;Peristiwa kepunahan massal ini mencakup beberapa yang [[Geobiologi|geobiolog]] gunakan sebagai [[GSSP|penanda waktu]] dengan penanggalan [[biostratigrafi]].&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Peters, Walters. [https://books.google.com/books?id=qk8anEDZykwC&amp;amp;q=Anoxic+OCEAN+caused+by+greenhouse+gases&amp;amp;pg=PA749 The Biomarker Guide, Volume 2: Biomarkers and Isotopes in the Petroleum Exploration and Earth History]. Cambridge University Press. 2005. hlm. 749. ISBN 978-0-521-83762-0.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;/ins&gt;Di sisi lain, ada berbagai lapisan [[serpih hitam]] yang tersebar di seluruh dunia, yang berasal dari [[Kapur (zaman)|Kapur Tengah]] yang mengindikasikan adanya peristiwa anoksik tetapi tidak berhubungan dengan kepunahan massal.&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Naohiko Ohkouchi. &#039;&#039;The origin of Cretaceous black shales: a change in the surface ocean ecosystem and its triggers&#039;&#039;. &#039;&#039;Proceedings of the Japan Academy, Series B&#039;&#039;. 2015. Vol. 91 (7). hlm. 273–291. doi:10.2183/pjab.91.273.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;/ins&gt;Banyak geolog percaya bahwa peristiwa ini terhubung erat dengan melambatya sirkulasi laut, pemanasan iklim dan naiknya [[gas rumah kaca]]. Peneliti menyarankan volkanisme berkembang (terlepasnya CO2) sebagai &quot;pemicu pusat eksternal dari euksinia&quot;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Katja M. Meyer. &#039;&#039;Oceanic Euxinia in Earth History: Causes and Consequences&#039;&#039;. &#039;&#039;Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences&#039;&#039;. 2008. Vol. 36. hlm. 251–288. doi:10.1146/annurev.earth.36.031207.124256.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Hana Jurikova. [https://oceanrep.geomar.de/id/eprint/50744/7/pm_2020_55_PTB.pdf Permian–Triassic mass extinction pulses driven by major marine carbon cycle perturbations]. &#039;&#039;Nature Geoscience&#039;&#039;. November 2020. Vol. 13 (11). hlm. 745–750. doi:10.1038/s41561-020-00646-4.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;del style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;== Referensi ==&lt;/del&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-added&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Bacaan tambahan ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Bacaan tambahan ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* Demaison G.J. and Moore G.T., (1980),&amp;quot;Anoxic environments and oil source bed genesis&amp;quot;. American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG) Bulletin, Vol.54, 1179–1209.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* Demaison G.J. and Moore G.T., (1980),&amp;quot;Anoxic environments and oil source bed genesis&amp;quot;. American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG) Bulletin, Vol.54, 1179–1209.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Pranala luar ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Pranala luar ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* [http://ethomas.web.wesleyan.edu/ees123/hotstinky.htm Hot and stinky: The oceans without oxygen]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* [http://ethomas.web.wesleyan.edu/ees123/hotstinky.htm Hot and stinky: The oceans without oxygen]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* [https://web.archive.org/web/20051031002313/http://www.usssp-iodp.org/PDFs/Workshop_PDFs/cretaceous_climate_report.pdf Cretaceous climate-ocean dynamics]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* [https://web.archive.org/web/20051031002313/http://www.usssp-iodp.org/PDFs/Workshop_PDFs/cretaceous_climate_report.pdf Cretaceous climate-ocean dynamics]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;*  &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* Hugh Jenkyns talking about the Bonarelli Level and OAEs [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-6pSFflZUIQ]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* Hugh Jenkyns talking about the Bonarelli Level and OAEs [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-6pSFflZUIQ]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* Original article (Geologie en Mijnbouw, 55, 179–184, 1976) on oceanic anoxic events authored by Seymour Schlanger and Hugh Jenkyns [http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:0921605b-4793-43df-889d-7b896790de62]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;* Original article (Geologie en Mijnbouw, 55, 179–184, 1976) on oceanic anoxic events authored by Seymour Schlanger and Hugh Jenkyns [http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:0921605b-4793-43df-889d-7b896790de62]&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;−&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt; &lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;== Referensi ==&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;references /&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Sumber dan atribusi ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;== Sumber dan atribusi ==&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;br&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Konten artikel ini diadaptasi dari [https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peristiwa+anoksik&amp;amp;oldid=29576804 Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia], revisi 29576804 (2026-08-14T11:42:28Z), yang tersedia berdasarkan lisensi Creative Commons Atribusi-BerbagiSerupa (CC BY-SA). Mohon gunakan konten ini secara bijak serta sesuai dengan ketentuan lisensi yang berlaku.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;Konten artikel ini diadaptasi dari [https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peristiwa+anoksik&amp;amp;oldid=29576804 Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia], revisi 29576804 (2026-08-14T11:42:28Z), yang tersedia berdasarkan lisensi Creative Commons Atribusi-BerbagiSerupa (CC BY-SA). Mohon gunakan konten ini secara bijak serta sesuai dengan ketentuan lisensi yang berlaku.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr&gt;&lt;td colspan=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;diff-side-deleted&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td class=&quot;diff-marker&quot; data-marker=&quot;+&quot;&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style=&quot;color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;&quot;&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;ins style=&quot;font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;&quot;&gt;&amp;lt;!-- WIKI_UNISSULA_PRESENTATION_V4 --&amp;gt;&lt;/ins&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Maintenance script</name></author>
	</entry>
	<entry>
		<id>https://wiki.unissula.ac.id/index.php?title=Peristiwa_anoksik&amp;diff=20894&amp;oldid=prev</id>
		<title>Maintenance script: Impor teks terkontrol dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia; revisi 29576804; atribusi sumber disertakan.</title>
		<link rel="alternate" type="text/html" href="https://wiki.unissula.ac.id/index.php?title=Peristiwa_anoksik&amp;diff=20894&amp;oldid=prev"/>
		<updated>2026-08-28T03:53:14Z</updated>

		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;Impor teks terkontrol dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia; revisi 29576804; atribusi sumber disertakan.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Halaman baru&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Peristiwa anoksik oseanik&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; atau &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;peristiwa anoksik&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (kondisi [[perairan anoksik|anoksia]]) merujuk kepada interval pada masa lalu Bumi dimana belahan-belahan [[samudra]] terisi dengan [[oksigen|oksigen (O&amp;lt;sub&amp;gt;2&amp;lt;/sub&amp;gt;)]] di kedalaman pada sebuah wilayah geografi besar. Pada beberapa peristiwa, perairan [[euksinia]] yang terdiri dari [[hidrogen sulfida]] , dikembangkan. Meski peristiwa ini tidak terjadi selama jutaan tahun, catatan geologis menunjukkan bahwa peristiwa anoksik telah terjadi beberapa kali di masa lalu. Peristiwa anoksik bertepatan dengan beberapa [[kepunahan massal]] dan mungkin berkontribusi kepadanya. Peristiwa kepunahan massal ini mencakup beberapa yang [[Geobiologi|geobiolog]] gunakan sebagai [[GSSP|penanda waktu]] dengan penanggalan [[biostratigrafi]]. Di sisi lain, ada berbagai lapisan [[serpih hitam]] yang tersebar di seluruh dunia, yang berasal dari [[Kapur (zaman)|Kapur Tengah]] yang mengindikasikan adanya peristiwa anoksik tetapi tidak berhubungan dengan kepunahan massal. Banyak geolog percaya bahwa peristiwa ini terhubung erat dengan melambatya sirkulasi laut, pemanasan iklim dan naiknya [[gas rumah kaca]]. Peneliti menyarankan volkanisme berkembang (terlepasnya CO2) sebagai &amp;quot;pemicu pusat eksternal dari euksinia&amp;quot;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Referensi ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Bacaan tambahan ==&lt;br /&gt;
*&lt;br /&gt;
*&lt;br /&gt;
*&lt;br /&gt;
* Demaison G.J. and Moore G.T., (1980),&amp;quot;Anoxic environments and oil source bed genesis&amp;quot;. American Association of Petroleum Geologists (AAPG) Bulletin, Vol.54, 1179–1209.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Pranala luar ==&lt;br /&gt;
* [http://ethomas.web.wesleyan.edu/ees123/hotstinky.htm Hot and stinky: The oceans without oxygen]&lt;br /&gt;
*&lt;br /&gt;
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20051031002313/http://www.usssp-iodp.org/PDFs/Workshop_PDFs/cretaceous_climate_report.pdf Cretaceous climate-ocean dynamics]&lt;br /&gt;
*&lt;br /&gt;
* Hugh Jenkyns talking about the Bonarelli Level and OAEs [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-6pSFflZUIQ]&lt;br /&gt;
* Original article (Geologie en Mijnbouw, 55, 179–184, 1976) on oceanic anoxic events authored by Seymour Schlanger and Hugh Jenkyns [http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:0921605b-4793-43df-889d-7b896790de62]&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Sumber dan atribusi ==&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Konten artikel ini diadaptasi dari [https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peristiwa+anoksik&amp;amp;oldid=29576804 Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia], revisi 29576804 (2026-08-14T11:42:28Z), yang tersedia berdasarkan lisensi Creative Commons Atribusi-BerbagiSerupa (CC BY-SA). Mohon gunakan konten ini secara bijak serta sesuai dengan ketentuan lisensi yang berlaku.&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>Maintenance script</name></author>
	</entry>
</feed>