Limpasan permukaan: Perbedaan antara revisi
Impor teks terkontrol dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia; revisi 28590753; atribusi sumber disertakan. |
Presentation V4: sitasi, referensi, Math, Wikimedia Commons, dan atribusi |
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[[File:Runoff.jpg|thumb|right|280px|Limpasan mengalir ke saluran pembuangan]] | |||
Limpasan yang muncul di permukaan sebelum mencapai saluran disebut [[polusi sumber tidak langsung|sumber tidak langsung]]. Ketika limpasan mengalir di tanah, limpasan tersebut dapat mengambil [[kontaminan tanah]] seperti [[minyak bumi]], [[pestisida]], atau [[pupuk]]. Bila sumber tidak langsung mengandung kontaminan semacam itu, limpasan tersebut disebut [[polusi sumber tidak langsung]]. | '''Limpasan permukaan''' adalah aliran air yang mengalir di atas permukaan karena penuhnya kapasitas [[infiltrasi (hidrologi)|infiltrasi]] tanah. Limpasan merupakan unsur penting dalam [[siklus air]] dan salah satu penyebab [[erosi]].<ref>Robert E. Horton, ''The Horton Papers'' (1933)</ref><ref>Keith Beven, ''Robert E. Horton's perceptual model of infiltration processes'', Hydrological Processes, Wiley Intersciences DOI 10:1002 hyp 5740 (2004)</ref> | ||
Limpasan yang muncul di permukaan sebelum mencapai saluran disebut [[polusi sumber tidak langsung|sumber tidak langsung]]. Ketika limpasan mengalir di tanah, limpasan tersebut dapat mengambil [[kontaminan tanah]] seperti [[minyak bumi]], [[pestisida]], atau [[pupuk]]. Bila sumber tidak langsung mengandung kontaminan semacam itu, limpasan tersebut disebut [[polusi sumber tidak langsung]].<ref>L. Davis Mackenzie and Susan J. Masten, ''Principles of Environmental Engineering and Science'' ISBN 0-07-235053-9</ref> | |||
== Lihat pula == | == Lihat pula == | ||
* [[Daerah aliran sungai]] | * [[Daerah aliran sungai]] | ||
* [[Daerah tangkapan air]] | * [[Daerah tangkapan air]] | ||
| Baris 13: | Baris 14: | ||
* [[Manajemen sumber daya air]] | * [[Manajemen sumber daya air]] | ||
* [[Wilayah sungai]] | * [[Wilayah sungai]] | ||
== Pranala luar == | == Pranala luar == | ||
* USDA NRCS National Engineering Handbook, [http://www.info.usda.gov/CED/ftp/CED/neh630-ch14.pdf Stage Discharge Relationships, Ch. 14] | * USDA NRCS National Engineering Handbook, [http://www.info.usda.gov/CED/ftp/CED/neh630-ch14.pdf Stage Discharge Relationships, Ch. 14] | ||
* http://www.waterlog.info/software.htm provides free download of a conceptual model (RainOff) on rainfall-runoff relations based on a nonlinear reservoir. | * http://www.waterlog.info/software.htm provides free download of a conceptual model (RainOff) on rainfall-runoff relations based on a nonlinear reservoir. | ||
* [http://www.nutrientnet.org/ NutrientNet], an online nutrient trading tool developed by [http://www.wri.org/ the World Resources Institute], designed to address water quality issues related to surface runoff and other pollution. See also the [http://pa.nutrientnet.org/ PA NutrientNet] website designed for Pennsylvania's nutrient trading program. | * [http://www.nutrientnet.org/ NutrientNet], an online nutrient trading tool developed by [http://www.wri.org/ the World Resources Institute], designed to address water quality issues related to surface runoff and other pollution. See also the [http://pa.nutrientnet.org/ PA NutrientNet] website designed for Pennsylvania's nutrient trading program. | ||
* [http://www.filterra.com/index.php/about/ Bioretention] as a [[low impact development]] method of treating surface runoff | * [http://www.filterra.com/index.php/about/ Bioretention] as a [[low impact development]] method of treating surface runoff | ||
* [http://cfpub.epa.gov/npdes/home.cfm?program_id=6 EPA Stormwater Permit Program] | * [http://cfpub.epa.gov/npdes/home.cfm?program_id=6 EPA Stormwater Permit Program] | ||
* [http://cfpub.epa.gov/npdes/stormwater/menuofbmps/index.cfm EPA - Menu of Stormwater Best Management Practices] | * [http://cfpub.epa.gov/npdes/stormwater/menuofbmps/index.cfm EPA - Menu of Stormwater Best Management Practices] | ||
* [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0957417408007823 Automatic Calibration of a Rainfall-Runoff Model Using a Fast and Elitist Multi-objective Particle Swarm Algorithm ] | * [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0957417408007823 Automatic Calibration of a Rainfall-Runoff Model Using a Fast and Elitist Multi-objective Particle Swarm Algorithm ] | ||
* [http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00500-012-0944-z?LI=true Automatic calibration of a rapid flood spreading model using multiobjective optimisations] | * [http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00500-012-0944-z?LI=true Automatic calibration of a rapid flood spreading model using multiobjective optimisations] | ||
* [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1574954110000580 Sensitivity analysis and automatic calibration of a rainfall-runoff model using multi-objectives] | * [http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1574954110000580 Sensitivity analysis and automatic calibration of a rainfall-runoff model using multi-objectives] | ||
== Referensi == | |||
<references /> | |||
== Sumber dan atribusi == | |||
== | Konten artikel ini diadaptasi dari [https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Limpasan+permukaan&oldid=28590753 Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia], revisi 28590753 (2025-11-21T16:25:24Z), yang tersedia berdasarkan lisensi Creative Commons Atribusi-BerbagiSerupa (CC BY-SA). Gambar pada artikel ini bersumber dari Wikimedia Commons dan mengikuti ketentuan lisensi masing-masing berkas. Mohon gunakan konten dan media secara bijak serta sesuai dengan ketentuan lisensi yang berlaku. | ||
<!-- WIKI_UNISSULA_PRESENTATION_V4 --> | |||
Revisi terkini sejak 27 Agustus 2026 18.08
Limpasan permukaan adalah aliran air yang mengalir di atas permukaan karena penuhnya kapasitas infiltrasi tanah. Limpasan merupakan unsur penting dalam siklus air dan salah satu penyebab erosi.[1][2]
Limpasan yang muncul di permukaan sebelum mencapai saluran disebut sumber tidak langsung. Ketika limpasan mengalir di tanah, limpasan tersebut dapat mengambil kontaminan tanah seperti minyak bumi, pestisida, atau pupuk. Bila sumber tidak langsung mengandung kontaminan semacam itu, limpasan tersebut disebut polusi sumber tidak langsung.[3]
Lihat pula
- Daerah aliran sungai
- Daerah tangkapan air
- Dataran banjir
- Daya rusak air
- Irigasi permukaan
- Krisis air
- Manajemen sumber daya air
- Wilayah sungai
Pranala luar
- USDA NRCS National Engineering Handbook, Stage Discharge Relationships, Ch. 14
- http://www.waterlog.info/software.htm provides free download of a conceptual model (RainOff) on rainfall-runoff relations based on a nonlinear reservoir.
- NutrientNet, an online nutrient trading tool developed by the World Resources Institute, designed to address water quality issues related to surface runoff and other pollution. See also the PA NutrientNet website designed for Pennsylvania's nutrient trading program.
- Bioretention as a low impact development method of treating surface runoff
- EPA Stormwater Permit Program
- EPA - Menu of Stormwater Best Management Practices
- Automatic Calibration of a Rainfall-Runoff Model Using a Fast and Elitist Multi-objective Particle Swarm Algorithm
- Automatic calibration of a rapid flood spreading model using multiobjective optimisations
- Sensitivity analysis and automatic calibration of a rainfall-runoff model using multi-objectives
Referensi
- ↑ Robert E. Horton, The Horton Papers (1933)
- ↑ Keith Beven, Robert E. Horton's perceptual model of infiltration processes, Hydrological Processes, Wiley Intersciences DOI 10:1002 hyp 5740 (2004)
- ↑ L. Davis Mackenzie and Susan J. Masten, Principles of Environmental Engineering and Science ISBN 0-07-235053-9
Sumber dan atribusi
Konten artikel ini diadaptasi dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, revisi 28590753 (2025-11-21T16:25:24Z), yang tersedia berdasarkan lisensi Creative Commons Atribusi-BerbagiSerupa (CC BY-SA). Gambar pada artikel ini bersumber dari Wikimedia Commons dan mengikuti ketentuan lisensi masing-masing berkas. Mohon gunakan konten dan media secara bijak serta sesuai dengan ketentuan lisensi yang berlaku.