Difusivitas termal
Dalam analisis perpindahan panas, Difusivitas termal adalah konduktivitas termal dibagi dengan massa jenis dan panas jenis pada tekanan yang konstan. Difusivitas termal mengukur kemampuan material untuk mengonduksi energi panas relatif terhadap kemampuannya untuk menyimpan energi panas. Difusivitas termal memakai lambang α tetapi a, κ,[1] K,[2] dan D juga digunakan. Satuan SI yang digunakan adalah m²/s. Difusivitas termal dirumuskan dengan:
di mana
- adalah konduktivitas termal (W/(m·K))
- adalah densitas (kg/m³)
- adalah panas jenis (J/(kg·K))
dapat disebut sebagai kapasitas panas volumetrik (J/(m³·K)).
Seperti dilihat pada persamaan panas,[3]
- ,
difusivitas termal adalah rasio turunan waktu terhadap temperatur pada turunan keduanya. Difusivitas termal dapat disebut juga sebagai ukuran dari inersia termal.[4] Dalam zat dengan difusivitas termal yang tinggi, panas bergerak cepat karena zat tersebut menghantarkan panas relatif terhadap kapasitas panas volumetriknya.
| Bahan | Difusivitas termal (m²/s) |
Difusivitas termal (mm²/s) |
|---|---|---|
| Karbon pirolitik, sejajar dengan lapisan | 1.22 × 10−3 | 1220 |
| Perak (99.9%) | 1.6563 × 10−4 | 165.63 |
| Emas | 1.27 × 10−4[7] | 127 |
| Tembaga at 25 °C | 1.11 × 10−4[8] | 111 |
| Aluminium | 8.418 × 10−5 | 84.18 |
| Al-10Si-Mn-Mg (Silafont 36) at 20 °C | 74.2 × 10−6[9] | 74.2 |
| Aluminum paduan 6061-T6 | 6.4 × 10−5 [10] | 64 |
| Al-5Mg-2Si-Mn (Magsimal-59) at 20 °C | 44.0 × 10−6[11] | 44.0 |
| Baja, 1% carbon | 1.172 × 10−5 | 11.72 |
| Baja tahan karat 304A at 27 °C | 4.2 × 10−6[12] | 4.2 |
| Baja tahan karat 310 at 25 °C | 3.352 × 10−6 [13] | 3.352 |
| Inconel 600 at 25 °C | 3.428 × 10−6[14] | 3.428 |
| Molybdenum (99.95%) at 25 °C | 54.3 × 10−6[15] | 54.3 |
| Besi | 2.3 × 10−5[16] | 23 |
| Silikon | 8.8 × 10−5[17] | 88 |
| Quartz | 1.4 × 10−6[18] | 1.4 |
| Komposit karbon pada 25 °C | 216.5 × 10−6[19] | 216.5 |
| Aluminium oksida (polikristalin) | 1.20 × 10−5 | 12.0 |
| Silikon dioksida (polikristalin) | 8.3 × 10−7[20] | 0.83 |
| Si3 N4 dengan CNTs 26 °C | 9.142 × 10−6[21] | 9.142 |
| Si3 N4 tanpa CNTs 26 °C | 8.605 × 10−6[22] | 8.605 |
| Polikarbonat pada 25 °C | 0.144 × 10−6[23] | 0.144 |
| Polipropilena pada 25 °C | 0.096 × 10−6[24] | 0.096 |
| Parafin pada 25 °C | 0.081 × 10−6[25] | 0.081 |
| PVC | 8 × 10−8[26] | 0.08 |
| PTFE pada 25 °C | 0.124 × 10−6[27] | 0.124 |
| Air at 25 °C | 0.143 × 10−6[28] | 0.143 |
| Alkohol | 7 × 10−8[29] | 0.07 |
| Uap air (1 atm, 400 K) | 2.338 × 10−5 | 23.38 |
| Udara (300 K) | 1.9 × 10−5[30] | 19 |
| Argon (300 K, 1 atm) | [31] | 22 |
| Helium (300 K, 1 atm) | [32] | 190 |
| Hidrogen (300 K, 1 atm) | [33] | 160 |
| Nitrogen (300 K, 1 atm) | [34] | 22 |
| Timah | 4.0 × 10−5 [35] | 40 |
| Kaca jendela | 3.4 × 10−7 | 0.34 |
| Karet | 1.3 × 10−7 | 0.13 |
| Nilon | 9 × 10−8 | 0.09 |
| Kayu (Pinus Kuning) | 8.2 × 10−8 | 0.082 |
| Pelumas mesin (jenuh 100 °C) | 7.38 × 10−8 | 0.0738 |
Lihat pula
Referensi
- ↑ Richard B. Hetnarski, M. Reza Eslami ; edited by G.M.L. Gladwell. Thermal Stresses - Advanced Theory and Applications. Springer Netherlands. 2009. hlm. 170. ISBN 978-1-4020-9247-3.
- ↑ J. Unsworth. Heat diffusion in a solid sphere and Fourier Theory. Am. J. Phys. 1979. Vol. 47 (11). hlm. 891–893. doi:10.1119/1.11601.
- ↑ H. S. Carslaw. Conduction of Heat in Solids. Oxford University Press. 1959. ISBN 978-0-19-853368-9.
- ↑ B.K. Venkanna. Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer. PHI Learning. 2010. hlm. 38. ISBN 978-81-203-4031-2.
- ↑ Brown. Introduction to Heat Transfer. McGraw-Hill. 1958.
- ↑ Eckert. Heat and Mass Transfer. McGraw-Hill. 1959. ISBN 0-89116-553-3. cited in J.P. Holman. Heat Transfer. McGraw-Hill. 2002. ISBN 0-07-029639-1.
- ↑ Jim Wilson. Materials Data. August 2007.
- ↑ V. Casalegno, P. Vavassori, M. Valle, M. Ferraris, M. Salvo, G. Pintsuk. Measurement of thermal properties of a ceramic/metal joint by laser flash method. 2010. Vol. 407 (2). hlm. 83. doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2010.09.032.
- ↑ P. Hofer, E. Kaschnitz. Thermal diffusivity of the aluminium alloy Al-10Si-Mn-Mg (Silafont 36) in the solid and liquid states. High Temperatures-High Pressures. 2011. Vol. 40 (3-4). hlm. 311.
- ↑ Jim Wilson. Materials Data. August 2007.
- ↑ E. Kaschnitz, M. Küblböck. Thermal diffusivity of the aluminium alloy Al-5Mg-2Si-Mn (Magsimal-59) in the solid and liquid states. High Temperatures-High Pressures. 2008. Vol. 37 (3). hlm. 221.
- ↑ Jim Wilson. Materials Data. August 2007.
- ↑ J. Blumm, A. Lindemann, B. Niedrig, R. Campbell. Measurement of Selected Thermophysical Properties of the NPL Certified Reference Material Stainless Steel 310. International Journal of Thermophysics. 2007. Vol. 28 (2). hlm. 674. doi:10.1007/s10765-007-0177-z.
- ↑ J. Blumm , A. Lindemann, B. Niedrig. Measurement of the thermophysical properties of an NPL thermal conductivity standard Inconel 600. High Temperatures-High Pressures. 2003/2007. Vol. 35/36 (6). hlm. 621.
- ↑ A. Lindemann, J. Blumm. Measurement of the Thermophysical Properties of Pure Molybdenum. 2009. Vol. 3.
- ↑ Jim Wilson. Materials Data. August 2007.
- ↑ Jim Wilson. Materials Data. August 2007.
- ↑ Jim Wilson. Materials Data. August 2007.
- ↑ V. Casalegno, P. Vavassori, M. Valle, M. Ferraris, M. Salvo, G. Pintsuk. Measurement of thermal properties of a ceramic/metal joint by laser flash method. 2010. Vol. 407 (2). hlm. 83. doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2010.09.032.
- ↑ Jim Wilson. Materials Data. August 2007.
- ↑ O. Koszor, A. Lindemann, F. Davin, C. Balázsi. Observation of thermophysical and tribological properties of CNT reinforced Si 3 N 4. Key Engineering Materials. 2009. Vol. 409. hlm. 354. doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.409.354.
- ↑ O. Koszor, A. Lindemann, F. Davin, C. Balázsi. Observation of thermophysical and tribological properties of CNT reinforced Si 3 N 4. Key Engineering Materials. 2009. Vol. 409. hlm. 354. doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.409.354.
- ↑ J. Blumm, A. Lindemann. Characterization of the thermophysical properties of molten polymers and liquids using the flash technique. High Temperatures-High Pressures. 2003/2007. Vol. 35/36 (6). hlm. 627. doi:10.1068/htjr144.
- ↑ J. Blumm, A. Lindemann. Characterization of the thermophysical properties of molten polymers and liquids using the flash technique. High Temperatures-High Pressures. 2003/2007. Vol. 35/36 (6). hlm. 627. doi:10.1068/htjr144.
- ↑ J. Blumm, A. Lindemann. Characterization of the thermophysical properties of molten polymers and liquids using the flash technique. High Temperatures-High Pressures. 2003/2007. Vol. 35/36 (6). hlm. 627. doi:10.1068/htjr144.
- ↑ Jim Wilson. Materials Data. August 2007.
- ↑ J. Blumm, A. Lindemann, M. Meyer, C. Strasser. Characterization of PTFE Using Advanced Thermal Analysis Technique. International Journal of Thermophysics. 2011. Vol. 40 (3-4). hlm. 311. doi:10.1007/s10765-008-0512-z.
- ↑ J. Blumm, A. Lindemann. Characterization of the thermophysical properties of molten polymers and liquids using the flash technique. High Temperatures-High Pressures. 2003/2007. Vol. 35/36 (6). hlm. 627. doi:10.1068/htjr144.
- ↑ Jim Wilson. Materials Data. August 2007.
- ↑ Jim Wilson. Materials Data. August 2007.
- ↑ CDC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Chemical Rubber Publishing Company. 1992. cited in Ralph Baierlein. Thermal Physics. Cambridge University Press. 1999. hlm. 372. ISBN 0-521-59082-5.
- ↑ CDC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Chemical Rubber Publishing Company. 1992. cited in Ralph Baierlein. Thermal Physics. Cambridge University Press. 1999. hlm. 372. ISBN 0-521-59082-5.
- ↑ CDC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Chemical Rubber Publishing Company. 1992. cited in Ralph Baierlein. Thermal Physics. Cambridge University Press. 1999. hlm. 372. ISBN 0-521-59082-5.
- ↑ CDC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics. Chemical Rubber Publishing Company. 1992. cited in Ralph Baierlein. Thermal Physics. Cambridge University Press. 1999. hlm. 372. ISBN 0-521-59082-5.
- ↑ Jim Wilson. Materials Data. August 2007.
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