Isotop erbium
Erbium (68Er) yang terbentuk secara alami terdiri dari enam isotop stabil, dengan 166Er sebagai yang paling melimpah (33,503% kelimpahan alami). 39 radioisotop telah dikarakterisasi berkisar mulai dari 74 hingga 112 neutron, atau 142 hingga 180 nukleon, dengan yang paling stabil adalah 169Er dengan waktu paruh 9,4 hari, 172Er dengan waktu paruh 49,3 jam, 160Er dengan waktu paruh 28,58 jam, 165Er dengan waktu paruh 10,36 jam, dan 171Er dengan waktu paruh 7,516 jam. Semua isotop radioaktif yang tersisa memiliki waktu paruh kurang dari 3,5 jam, dan sebagian besar memiliki waktu paruh kurang dari 4 menit. Unsur ini juga memiliki banyak keadaan meta, dengan yang paling stabil adalah 167mEr (t1/2 2,269 detik).
Isotop erbium memiliki berat atom berkisar mulai dari 141,9723 u (142Er) hingga 176,9541 u (177Er). Mode peluruhan utama sebelum isotop stabil yang paling melimpah, 166Er, adalah penangkapan elektron, dan mode utama sesudahnya adalah peluruhan beta. Produk peluruhan utama sebelum 166Er adalah isotop holmium, dan produk utama sesudahnya adalah isotop tulium. Semua isotop erbium bersifat radioaktif atau stabil secara pengamatan, artinya mereka diprediksi bersifat radioaktif tetapi tidak ada peluruhan aktual yang teramati.
Daftar isotop
| 142Er | style="text-align:right" | 68 | style="text-align:right" | 74 | 141,97002(54)# | 10# μdtk | p | 141Ho | 0+ | |
| rowspan=2| 143Er | style="text-align:right" rowspan=2| 68 | style="text-align:right" rowspan=2| 75 | rowspan=2| 142.96655(43)# | rowspan=2| 200# mdtk | β+ | 143Ho | rowspan=2|9/2−# | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2|
| β+, p | 142Dy
| 144Er | style="text-align:right" | 68 | style="text-align:right" | 76 | 143,96070(21)# | 400# mdtk [>200 ndtk] | β+ | 144Ho | 0+ | |
| rowspan=2| 145Er | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 68 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 77 | rowspan=2| 144,95787(22)# | rowspan=2| 900(200) mdtk | β+ | 145Ho | rowspan=2|1/2+# | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2|
| β+, p (langka) | 144Dy
| rowspan=3 style="text-indent:1em" | 145mEr | rowspan=3 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 205(4)# keV | rowspan=3| 1,0(3) dtk | β+ | 145Ho | rowspan=3| (11/2-) | rowspan=3| | rowspan=3|
| IT (langka) | 145Er
| β+, p (langka) | 144Dy
| rowspan=2|146Er | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 68 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 78 | rowspan=2|145,952418(7) | rowspan=2|1,7(6) dtk | β+ | 146Ho | rowspan=2|0+ | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2|
| β+, p (langka) | 145Dy
| rowspan=2|147Er | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 68 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 79 | rowspan=2|146,94996(4)# | rowspan=2|3,2(1,2) dtk | β+ | 147Ho | rowspan=2|(1/2+) | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2|
| β+, p (langka) | 146Dy
| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 147mEr | rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 100(50)# keV | rowspan=2| 16(2) dtk | β+ | 147Ho | rowspan=2| (11/2−) | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2|
| β+, p (langka) | 146Dy
| rowspan=2|148Er | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 68 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 80 | rowspan=2|147,944735(11)# | rowspan=2|4,6(2) dtk | β+ (99,85%) | 148Ho | rowspan=2|0+ | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2|
| β+, p (0,15%) | 147Dy
| style="text-indent:1em" | 148mEr | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 2,9132(4) MeV | 13(3) μdtk | IT | 148Er | (10+) | |
| rowspan=2|149Er | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 68 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 81 | rowspan=2|148,94231(3) | rowspan=2|4(2) dtk | β+ (92,8%) | 149Ho | rowspan=2|(1/2+) | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2|
| β+, p (7,2%) | 148Dy
| rowspan=3 style="text-indent:1em" | 149m1Er | rowspan=3 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 741,8(2) keV | rowspan=3|8,9(2) dtk | β+ (96,5%) | 149Ho | rowspan=3|(11/2−) | rowspan=3| | rowspan=3|
| IT (3,5%) | 149Er
| β+, p (0,18%) | 148Dy
| style="text-indent:1em" | 149m2Er | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 2,6111(3) MeV | 0,61(8) μdtk | IT | 149Er | (19/2+) | |
| style="text-indent:1em" | 149m3Er | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 3,302(7) MeV | 4,8(1) μdtk | IT | 149Er | (27/2−) | |
| 150Er | style="text-align:right" | 68 | style="text-align:right" | 82 | 149,937916(18) | 18,5(7) dtk | β+ | 150Ho | 0+ | |
| style="text-indent:1em" | 150mEr | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 2,7965(5) MeV | 2,55(10) μdtk | IT | 150Er | 10+ | |
| 151Er | style="text-align:right" | 68 | style="text-align:right" | 83 | 150,937449(18) | 23,5(20) dtk | β+ | 151Ho | (7/2−) | |
| rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 151m1Er | rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 2,5860(5) MeV | rowspan=2|580(20) mdtk | IT (95,3%) | 151Er | rowspan=2|(27/2−) | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2|
| β+ (4,7%) | 151Ho
| style="text-indent:1em" | 151m2Er | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 10,2866(10) MeV | 0,42(5) μdtk | IT | 151Er | (65/2-, 61/2+) | |
| rowspan=2|152Er | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 68 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 84 | rowspan=2|151,935050(9) | rowspan=2|10,3(1) dtk | α (90%) | 148Dy | rowspan=2|0+ | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2|
| β+ (10%) | 152Ho
| rowspan=2|153Er | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 68 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 85 | rowspan=2|152,935086(10) | rowspan=2|37,1(2) dtk | α (53%) | 149Dy | rowspan=2|7/2(−) | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2|
| β+ (47%) | 153Ho
| style="text-indent:1em" | 153m1Er | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 2,7982(10) MeV | 373(9) ndtk | IT | 153Er | (27/2-) | |
| style="text-indent:1em" | 153m2Er | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 5,2481(10) MeV | 248(32) ndtk | IT | 153Er | (41/2-) | |
| rowspan=2|154Er | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 68 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 86 | rowspan=2|153,932791(5) | rowspan=2|3,73(9) mnt | β+ (99,53%) | 154Ho | rowspan=2|0+ | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2|
| α (0,47%) | 150Dy
| rowspan=2|155Er | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 68 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 87 | rowspan=2|154,933216(7) | rowspan=2|5,3(3) mnt | β+ (99,978%) | 155Ho | rowspan=2|7/2− | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2|
| α (0,022%) | 151Dy
| rowspan=2| 156Er | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 68 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 88 | rowspan=2| 155,931066(26) | rowspan=2| 19,5(10) mnt | β+ | 156Ho | rowspan=2| 0+ | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2|
| α (1,2%) | 152Dy
| 157Er | style="text-align:right" | 68 | style="text-align:right" | 89 | 156,931923(28) | 18,65(10) mnt | β+ | 157Ho | 3/2− | |
| style="text-indent:1em" | 157mEr | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 155,4(3) keV | 76(6) mdtk | IT | 157Er | (9/2+) | |
| 158Er | style="text-align:right" | 68 | style="text-align:right" | 90 | 157,929893(27) | 2,29(6) jam | EC | 158Ho | 0+ | |
| 159Er | style="text-align:right" | 68 | style="text-align:right" | 91 | 158,930691(4) | 36(1) mnt | β+ | 159Ho | 3/2− | |
| style="text-indent:1em" | 159m1Er | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 182,602(24) keV | 337(14) ndtk | IT | 159Er | 9/2+ | |
| style="text-indent:1em" | 159m2Er | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 429,05(3) keV | 590(60) ndtk | IT | 159Er | 11/2− | |
| 160Er | style="text-align:right" | 68 | style="text-align:right" | 92 | 159,929077(26) | 28,58(9) jam | EC | 160Ho | 0+ | |
| 161Er | style="text-align:right" | 68 | style="text-align:right" | 93 | 160,930004(9) | 3,21(3) jam | β+ | 161Ho | 3/2− | |
| style="text-indent:1em" | 161mEr | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 396,44(4) keV | 7,5(7) μdtk | IT | 161Er | 11/2− | |
| 162Er | style="text-align:right" | 68 | style="text-align:right" | 94 | 161,9287873(8) | colspan=3 align=center|Stabil Secara Pengamatan | 0+ | 0,00139(5) |
| style="text-indent:1em" | 162mEr | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 2,02601(13) MeV | 88(16) ndtk | IT | 162Er | (7-) | |
| 163Er | style="text-align:right" | 68 | style="text-align:right" | 95 | 162,930040(5) | 75,0(4) mnt | β+ | 163Ho | 5/2− | |
| style="text-indent:1em" | 163mEr | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 445,5(6) keV | 580(100) ndtk | IT | 163Er | (11/2−) | |
| 164Er | style="text-align:right" | 68 | style="text-align:right" | 96 | 163,9292077(8) | colspan=3 align=center|Stabil Secara Pengamatan' | 0+ | 0,01601(3) |
| 165Er | style="text-align:right" | 68 | style="text-align:right" | 97 | 164,9307335(10) | 10,36(4) jam | EC | 165Ho | 5/2− | |
| style="text-indent:1em" | 165m1Er | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 551,3(6) keV | 250(30) ndtk | IT | 165Er | 11/2- | |
| style="text-indent:1em" | 165m2Er | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 1,8230(6) MeV | 370(40) ndtk | IT | 165Er | (19/2) | |
| 166Er | style="text-align:right" | 68 | style="text-align:right" | 98 | 165,9303011(4) | colspan=3 align=center|Stabil Secara Pengamatan | 0+ | 0,33503(36) |
| 167Er | style="text-align:right" | 68 | style="text-align:right" | 99 | 166,9320562(3) | colspan=3 align=center|Stabil Secara Pengamatan | 7/2+ | 0,22869(9) |
| style="text-indent:1em" | 167mEr | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 207,801(5) keV | 2,269(6) dtk | IT | 167Er | 1/2− | |
| 168Er | style="text-align:right" | 68 | style="text-align:right" | 100 | 167,93237828(28) | colspan=3 align=center|Stabil Secara Pengamatan | 0+ | 0,26978(18) |
| style="text-indent:1em" | 168mEr | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 1,0940383(16) MeV | 109,0(7) ndtk | IT | 168Er | 4- | |
| 169Er | style="text-align:right" | 68 | style="text-align:right" | 101 | 168,9345984(3) | 9,392(18) hri | β− | 169Tm | 1/2− | |
| style="text-indent:1em" | 169m1Er | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 92,05(10) keV | 285(20) ndtk | IT | 169Er | (5/2-) | |
| style="text-indent:1em" | 169m2Er | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 243,69(17) keV | 200(10) ndtk | IT | 169Er | 7/2+ | |
| 170Er | style="text-align:right" | 68 | style="text-align:right" | 102 | 169,9354719(15) | colspan=3 align=center|Stabil Secara Pengamatan | 0+ | 0,14910(36) |
| 171Er | style="text-align:right" | 68 | style="text-align:right" | 103 | 170,93803746(15) | 7,516(2) jam | β− | 171Tm | 5/2− | |
| style="text-indent:1em" | 171mEr | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 198,61(9) keV | 210(10) ndtk | IT | 171Er | 1/2− | |
| 172Er | style="text-align:right" | 68 | style="text-align:right" | 104 | 171,939363(4) | 49,3(5) jam | β− | 172Tm | 0+ | |
| style="text-indent:1em" | 172mEr
| colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 1,5009(3) MeV
| 579(62) ndtk
| IT
| 172Er
| (6+)
|
|
| 173Er | style="text-align:right" | 68 | style="text-align:right" | 105 | 172,94240(21)# | 1,434(17) mnt | β− | 173Tm | (7/2−) | |
| 174Er | style="text-align:right" | 68 | style="text-align:right" | 106 | 173,94423(32)# | 3,2(2) mnt | β− | 174Tm | 0+ | |
| style="text-indent:1em" | 174mEr | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 1,1115(7) MeV | 3,9(3) dtk | IT | 174Er | 8- | |
| 175Er | style="text-align:right" | 68 | style="text-align:right" | 107 | 174,94777(43)# | 1,2(3) mnt | β− | 175Tm | 9/2+# | |
| 176Er | style="text-align:right" | 68 | style="text-align:right" | 108 | 175,94994(43)# | 12# dtk (>300 ndtk) | β− | 176Tm | 0+ | |
| 177Er | style="text-align:right" | 68 | style="text-align:right" | 109 | 176,95399(54)# | 8# dtk (>300 ndtk) | β− | 177Tm | 1/2−# | |
| 178Er | style="text-align:right" | 68 | style="text-align:right" | 110 | 177,95678(64)# | 4# dtk (>300 ndtk) | β− | 178Tm | 0+ | |
| rowspan=2| 179Er | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 68 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 111 | rowspan=2| 178,96127(54)# | rowspan=2| 3# dtk (>550 ndtk) | β− | 179Tm | rowspan=2| 3/2−# | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2|
| β−, n | 178Tm
| rowspan=2| 180Er | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 68 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 112 | rowspan=2| 179,96438(54)# | rowspan=2| 2# dtk (>550 ndtk) | β− | 180Tm | rowspan=2| 0+ | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2|
| β−, n | 179Tm
Erbium-169
Referensi
- Massa isotop dari:
- Komposisi isotop dan massa atom standar dari:
- Data waktu paruh, spin, dan isomer dipilih dari sumber-sumber berikut.
Sumber dan atribusi
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