Isotop terbium
Terbium (65Tb) yang terbentuk secara alami hanya terdiri dari satu isotop stabil, 159Tb; oleh karena itu, terbium adalah unsur monoisotop dan mononuklida. Tiga puluh enam radioisotop telah dikarakterisasi, dengan yang paling stabil adalah 158Tb dengan waktu paruh 180 tahun, 157Tb dengan waktu paruh 71 tahun, dan 160Tb dengan waktu paruh 72,3 hari. Semua isotop radioaktif yang tersisa memiliki waktu paruh kurang dari 6,907 hari, dan sebagian besar memiliki waktu paruh kurang dari 24 detik. Unsur ini juga memiliki 27 keadaan meta, dengan yang paling stabil adalah 156m1Tb (t1/2 = 24,4 jam), 154m2Tb (t1/2 = 22,7 jam) dan 154m1Tb (t1/2 = 9,4 jam).
Mode peluruhan utama sebelum isotop stabil yang paling melimpah, 159Tb, adalah penangkapan elektron, dan mode utama sesudahnya adalah peluruhan beta. Produk peluruhan utama sebelum 159Tb adalah isotop unsur 64 (gadolinium) dan produk utama sesudahnya adalah isotop unsur 66 (disprosium).
Daftar isotop
|- | 135Tb | style="text-align:right" | 65 | style="text-align:right" | 70 | | 0,94(+33−22) mdtk | | | (7/2−) | | |- | 136Tb | style="text-align:right" | 65 | style="text-align:right" | 71 | 135,96138(64)# | 0,2# dtk | | | | | |- | 137Tb | style="text-align:right" | 65 | style="text-align:right" | 72 | 136,95598(64)# | 600# mdtk | | | 11/2−# | | |- | rowspan=2|138Tb | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 65 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 73 | rowspan=2|137,95316(43)# | rowspan=2|800# mdtk [>200 ndtk] | β+ | 138Gd | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | p | 137Gd |- | 139Tb | style="text-align:right" | 65 | style="text-align:right" | 74 | 138,94829(32)# | 1,6(2) dtk | β+ | 139Gd | 11/2−# | | |- | rowspan=2|140Tb | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 65 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 75 | rowspan=2|139,94581(86) | rowspan=2|2,4(2) dtk | β+ (99,74%) | 140Gd | rowspan=2|5 | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | β+, p (0,26%) | 139Eu |- | 141Tb | style="text-align:right" | 65 | style="text-align:right" | 76 | 140,94145(11) | 3,5(2) dtk | β+ | 141Gd | (5/2−) | | |- | style="text-indent:1em" | 141mTb | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 0(200)# keV | 7,9(6) dtk | β+ | 141Gd | 11/2−# | | |- | rowspan=2|142Tb | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 65 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 77 | rowspan=2|141,93874(32)# | rowspan=2|597(17) mdtk | β+ | 142Gd | rowspan=2|1+ | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | β+, p | 141Eu |- | rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 142m1Tb | rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 280,2(10) keV | rowspan=2|303(17) mdtk | IT (99,5%) | 142Tb | rowspan=2|(5−) | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | β+ (0,5%) | 142Gd |- | style="text-indent:1em" | 142m2Tb | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 621.4(11) keV | 15(4) µdtk | | | | | |- | 143Tb | style="text-align:right" | 65 | style="text-align:right" | 78 | 142,93512(6) | 12(1) dtk | β+ | 143Gd | (11/2−) | | |- | style="text-indent:1em" | 143mTb | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 0(100)# keV | <21 dtk | β+ | 143Gd | 5/2+# | | |- | rowspan=2|144Tb | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 65 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 79 | rowspan=2|143,93305(3) | rowspan=2|~1 dtk | β+ | 144Gd | rowspan=2|1+ | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | β+, p (langka) | 143Eu |- | rowspan=3 style="text-indent:1em" | 144m1Tb | rowspan=3 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 396,9(5) keV | rowspan=3|4,25(15) dtk | IT (66%) | 144Tb | rowspan=3|(6−) | rowspan=3| | rowspan=3| |- | β+ (34%) | 144Gd |- | β+, p (<1%) | 143Eu |- | style="text-indent:1em" | 144m2Tb | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 476,2(5) keV | 2,8(3) µdtk | | | (8−) | | |- | style="text-indent:1em" | 144m3Tb | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 517,1(5) keV | 670(60) ndtk | | | (9+) | | |- | style="text-indent:1em" | 144m4Tb | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 544,5(6) keV | <300 ndtk | | | (10+) | | |- | 145Tb | style="text-align:right" | 65 | style="text-align:right" | 80 | 144,92927(6) | 20# mnt | β+ | 145Gd | (3/2+) | | |- | style="text-indent:1em" | 145mTb | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 0(100)# keV | 30,9(7) dtk | β+ | 145Gd | (11/2−) | | |- | 146Tb | style="text-align:right" | 65 | style="text-align:right" | 81 | 145,92725(5) | 8(4) dtk | β+ | 146Gd | 1+ | | |- | style="text-indent:1em" | 146m1Tb | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 150(100)# keV | 24,1(5) dtk | β+ | 146Gd | 5− | | |- | style="text-indent:1em" | 146m2Tb | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 930(100)# keV | 1,18(2) mdtk | | | (10+) | | |- | 147Tb | style="text-align:right" | 65 | style="text-align:right" | 82 | 146,924045(13) | 1,64(3) jam | β+ | 147Gd | 1/2+# | | |- | style="text-indent:1em" | 147mTb | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 50,6(9) keV | 1,87(5) mnt | β+ | 147Gd | (11/2)− | | |- | 148Tb | style="text-align:right" | 65 | style="text-align:right" | 83 | 147,924272(15) | 60(1) mnt | β+ | 148Gd | 2− | | |- | style="text-indent:1em" | 148m1Tb | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 90,1(3) keV | 2,20(5) mnt | β+ | 148Gd | (9)+ | | |- | style="text-indent:1em" | 148m2Tb | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 8618,6(10) keV | 1,310(7) µdtk | | | (27+) | | |- | rowspan=2|149Tb | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 65 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 84 | rowspan=2|148,923246(5) | rowspan=2|4,118(25) jam | β+ (83,3%) | 149Gd | rowspan=2|1/2+ | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | α (16,7%) | 145Eu |- | rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 149mTb | rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 35,78(13) keV | rowspan=2|4,16(4) mnt | β+ (99,97%) | 149Gd | rowspan=2|11/2− | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | α (0,022%) | 145Eu |- | rowspan=2|150Tb | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 65 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 85 | rowspan=2|149,923660(8) | rowspan=2|3,48(16) jam | β+ (99,95%) | 150Gd | rowspan=2|(2−) | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | α (0,05%) | 146Eu |- | rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 150mTb | rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 457(29) keV | rowspan=2|5,8(2) mnt | β+ | 150Gd | rowspan=2|9+ | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | IT (langka) | 150Tb |- | rowspan=2|151Tb | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 65 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 86 | rowspan=2|150,923103(5) | rowspan=2|17.609(1) jam | β+ (99,99%) | 151Gd | rowspan=2|1/2(+) | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | α (0,0095%) | 147Eu |- | rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 151mTb | rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 99,54(6) keV | rowspan=2|25(3) dtk | IT (93,8%) | 151Tb | rowspan=2|(11/2−) | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | β+ (6,2%) | 151Gd |- | rowspan=2|152Tb | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 65 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 87 | rowspan=2|151,92407(4) | rowspan=2|17,5(1) jam | β+ | 152Gd | rowspan=2|2− | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | α (7%) | 148Eu |- | style="text-indent:1em" | 152m1Tb | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 342,15(16) keV | 0,96 µdtk | | | 5− | | |- | rowspan=2 style="text-indent:1em" | 152m2Tb | rowspan=2 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 501,74(19) keV | rowspan=2|4,2(1) mnt | IT (78,8%) | 152Tb | rowspan=2|8+ | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | β+ (21,2%) | 152Gd |- | 153Tb | style="text-align:right" | 65 | style="text-align:right" | 88 | 152,923435(5) | 2,34(1) hri | β+ | 153Gd | 5/2+ | | |- | style="text-indent:1em" | 153mTb | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 163,175(5) keV | 186(4) µdtk | | | 11/2− | | |- | rowspan=2|154Tb | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 65 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 89 | rowspan=2|153,92468(5) | rowspan=2|21,5(4) jam | β+ (99,9%) | 154Gd | rowspan=2|0(+#) | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | β− (0,1%) | 154Dy |- | rowspan=3 style="text-indent:1em" | 154m1Tb | rowspan=3 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 12(7) keV | rowspan=3|9,4(4) jam | β+ (78,2%) | 154Gd | rowspan=3|3− | rowspan=3| | rowspan=3| |- | IT (21,8%) | 154Tb |- | β− (0,1%) | 154Dy |- | style="text-indent:1em" | 154m2Tb | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 200(150)# keV | 22,7(5) jam | | | 7− | | |- | style="text-indent:1em" | 154m3Tb | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 0+Z keV | 513(42) ndtk | | | | | |- | 155Tb | style="text-align:right" | 65 | style="text-align:right" | 90 | 154,923505(13) | 5,32(6) hri | EC | 155Gd | 3/2+ | | |- | rowspan=2|156Tb | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 65 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 91 | rowspan=2|155,924747(5) | rowspan=2|5,35(10) hri | β+ | 156Gd | rowspan=2|3− | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | β− (langka) | 156Dy |- | style="text-indent:1em" | 156m1Tb | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 54(3) keV | 24,4(10) jam | IT | 156Tb | (7−) | | |- | style="text-indent:1em" | 156m2Tb | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 88,4(2) keV | 5,3(2) jam | | | (0+) | | |- | 157Tb | style="text-align:right" | 65 | style="text-align:right" | 92 | 156,9240246(27) | 71(7) thn | EC | 157Gd | 3/2+ | | |- | rowspan=2|158Tb | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 65 | rowspan=2 style="text-align:right" | 93 | rowspan=2|157,9254131(28) | rowspan=2|180(11) thn | β+ (83,4%) | 158Gd | rowspan=2|3− | rowspan=2| | rowspan=2| |- | β− (16,6%) | 158Dy |- | rowspan=3 style="text-indent:1em" | 158m1Tb | rowspan=3 colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 110,3(12) keV | rowspan=3|10,70(17) dtk | IT (99,39%) | 158Tb | rowspan=3|0− | rowspan=3| | rowspan=3| |- | β− (0,6%) | 158Dy |- | β+ (0,01%) | 158Gd |- | style="text-indent:1em" | 158m2Tb | colspan="3" style="text-indent:2em" | 388,37(15) keV | 0,40(4) mdtk | | | 7− | | |- | 159Tb[1] | style="text-align:right" | 65 | style="text-align:right" | 94 | 158,9253468(27) | colspan=3 align=center|Stabil[2] | 3/2+ | 1,0000 | |- | 160Tb | style="text-align:right" | 65 | style="text-align:right" | 95 | 159,9271676(27) | 72,3(2) hri | β− | 160Dy | 3− | | |- | 161Tb[3] | style="text-align:right" | 65 | style="text-align:right" | 96 | 160,9275699(28) | 6,906(19) hri | β− | 161Dy | 3/2+ | | |- | 162Tb | style="text-align:right" | 65 | style="text-align:right" | 97 | 161,92949(4) | 7,60(15) mnt | β− | 162Dy | 1− | | |- | 163Tb | style="text-align:right" | 65 | style="text-align:right" | 98 | 162,930648(5) | 19,5(3) mnt | β− | 163Dy | 3/2+ | | |- | 164Tb | style="text-align:right" | 65 | style="text-align:right" | 99 | 163,93335(11) | 3,0(1) mnt | β− | 164Dy | (5+) | | |- | 165Tb | style="text-align:right" | 65 | style="text-align:right" | 100 | 164,93488(21)# | 2,11(10) mnt | β− | 165mDy | 3/2+# | | |- | 166Tb | style="text-align:right" | 65 | style="text-align:right" | 101 | 165,93799(11) | 25,6(22) dtk | β− | 166Dy | | | |- | 167Tb | style="text-align:right" | 65 | style="text-align:right" | 102 | 166,94005(43)# | 19,4(27) dtk | β− | 167Dy | 3/2+# | | |- | 168Tb | style="text-align:right" | 65 | style="text-align:right" | 103 | 167,94364(54)# | 8,2(13) dtk | β− | 168Dy | 4−# | | |- | 169Tb | style="text-align:right" | 65 | style="text-align:right" | 104 | 168,94622(64)# | 2# dtk | β− | 169Dy | 3/2+# | | |- | 170Tb | style="text-align:right" | 65 | style="text-align:right" | 105 | 169,95025(75)# | 3# dtk | β− | 170Dy | | | |- | 171Tb | style="text-align:right" | 65 | style="text-align:right" | 106 | 170,95330(86)# | 500# mdtk | β− | 171Dy | 3/2+# | |
Referensi
Sumber dan atribusi
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