Filamen PH
Filamen PH () adalah tumpukan protein yang ditemukan pertama kali oleh Alois Alzheimer di dalam neuron penderita Alzheimer.[1]
Filamen ini terbentuk dari berbagai isomer[2] protein tau[3] - sebuah protein yang berperan dalam perakitan dan pemeliharaan struktur mikrotubula - mengalami hiperfosforilasi sehingga memecahkan struktur mikrotubula. Radikal protein tau kemudian berhimpun menjadi filamen PH di dalam soma.[4]
Hiperfosforilasi terjadi karena terjadi kerusakan transduksi sinyal seluler yang disebabkan oleh tid ak seimbangnya aktivitas protein dari beberapa enzim fosfatase dan kinase,[5] seperti calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II, glycogen synthase kinase-3beta dan cyclin-dependent protein kinase 5.[6][7] Proses kimiawi ini dapat diredam dengan meningkatkan aktivitas enzim fosfoseril protein fosfatase[8] dan fosfotreonil protein fosfatase.[9]
Referensi
- ↑ alzi. Apa yang menyebabkan demensia?. Alzheimer Indonesia. 2019-06-15.
- ↑ Multiple isoforms of human microtubule-associated protein tau: sequences and localization in neurofibrillary tangles of Alzheimer's disease. Medical Research Council, Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, England; Goedert M, Spillantini MG, Jakes R, Rutherford D, Crowther RA.
- ↑ Cloning and sequencing of the cDNA encoding a core protein of the paired helical filament of Alzheimer disease: identification as the microtubule-associated protein tau. Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Goedert M, Wischik CM, Crowther RA, Walker JE, Klug A.
- ↑ The Role of Tau in Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders. Department of Neurobiology and Behavior and Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California; Medeiros R, Baglietto-Vargas D, Laferla FM.
- ↑ The Role of Tau in Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders. Department of Neurobiology and Behavior and Institute for Memory Impairments and Neurological Disorders, University of California; Medeiros R, Baglietto-Vargas D, Laferla FM.
- ↑ Alzheimer neurofibrillary degeneration: significance, etiopathogenesis, therapeutics and prevention. Department of Neurochemistry New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities; Iqbal K, Grundke-Iqbal I.
- ↑ Kinases and phosphatases and tau sites involved in Alzheimer neurofibrillary degeneration. Pathophysiology Department, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology; Wang JZ, Grundke-Iqbal I, Iqbal K.
- ↑ Inhibition of neurofibrillary degeneration: a promising approach to Alzheimer's disease and other tauopathies. Department of Neurochemistry, New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities; Iqbal K, Grundke-Iqbal I.
- ↑ Mechanism of neurofibrillary degeneration and pharmacologic therapeutic approach. New York State Institute for Basic Research in Developmental Disabilities; Iqbal K, Alonso AD, Gondal JA, Gong CX, Haque N, Khatoon S, Sengupta A, Wang JZ, Grundke-Iqbal I.
Sumber dan atribusi
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