Lihat sumber Permainan video dalam tahun 1978

1978 menandai rilis permainan video baru seperti ''[[Space Invaders]]''. Tahun ini dianggap sebagai awal dari [[Zaman keemasan permainan video arkade|masa keemasan permainan video arkade]]. Permainan video dengan pendapatan tertinggi tahun itu adalah ''Space Invaders'' dari [[Taito]], sementara sistem rumah dengan penjualan terbaik adalah [[Atari 2600|Atari Video Computer System]] (Atari VCS).

== Pencapaian finansial ==
=== Permainan arkade dengan pendapatan tertinggi ===
''[[Space Invaders]]'' menjadi [[permainan video]] dengan pendapatan tertinggi di seluruh dunia pada tahun 1978.<ref>[https://archive.org/details/ACE_Issue_06_1988-03_Future_Publishing_GB/page/n28/mode/1up After ''Pong'']. 4 Februari 1988. hlm. 29–32 (29).</ref> Tabel berikut mencantumkan [[permainan arkade]] dengan pendapatan tertinggi tahun 1978 di Jepang, Britania Raya, Amerika Serikat, dan seluruh dunia.

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
! Pasar
! Judul
! Pendapatan kotor
! Inflasi
! [[Kabinet arkade|Penjualan kabinet]]
! Pengembang
! Distributor
! Genre
! class="unsortable" | 
|-
| [[Permainan video di Jepang|Jepang]]
| ''[[Space Invaders]]''
| $670,000,000<ref>Daniel Cohen. [https://archive.org/details/book_video_games/page/n21 Video Games]. Pocket Books. 1982. hlm. 15. ISBN 0-671-45872-8.</ref>
| 
| 100,000
| [[Taito]]
| [[Taito]]
| [[Shoot 'em up]]
| <ref>[https://onitama.tv/gamemachine/pdf/19790201p.pdf#page=2 人気マシン・ベスト3]. Amusement Press, Inc. Februari 1979. hlm. 2–3.</ref><ref>[https://onitama.tv/gamemachine/pdf/19810215p.pdf 調査対象5年間のベスト1]. Amusement Press, Inc. 15 Februari 1981. hlm. 1.</ref><ref>[http://www.digitpress.com/library/magazines/electronic_games/electronic_games_winter81.pdf#page=31 Can Asteroids Conquer Space Invaders?]. Musim dingin 1981. Vol. 1 (1). hlm. 30–33 (31).</ref>
|-
| [[Permainan video di Britania Raya|Britania Raya]]
| ''[[Space Invaders]]''
| 
| 
| 
| [[Taito]]
| [[Midway Manufacturing]]
| [[Shoot 'em up]]
| <ref>[https://archive.org/details/ACE_Issue_06_1988-03_Future_Publishing_GB/page/n28/mode/1up After ''Pong'']. 4 Februari 1988. hlm. 29–32 (29).</ref>
|-
| [[Permainan video di Amerika Serikat|Amerika Serikat]]
| ''[[Space Wars]]''
| 
| 
| 10,000
| [[Cinematronics]]
| [[Cinematronics]]
| [[Permainan penembak|Penembak]]
| <ref>Craig Kubey. [https://archive.org/details/Winners_Book_of_Video_Games/page/n106/mode/1up The Winners' Book of Video Games]. New York: Warner Books. 1982. hlm. 90. ISBN 978-0-446-37115-5.</ref><ref>''Video Games''. November 1978.</ref><ref>Steve Bloom. [https://archive.org/details/book_video_invaders/page/n38 Video Invaders]. Arco Publishing. 1982. hlm. 18. ISBN 978-0-668-05520-8.</ref>
|-
! Seluruh dunia
! ''[[Space Invaders]]''
!
!
!
! Taito
!
! Shoot 'em up
!<ref>[https://archive.org/details/ACE_Issue_06_1988-03_Future_Publishing_GB/page/n28/mode/1up After ''Pong'']. 4 Februari 1988. hlm. 29–32 (29).</ref>
|}

==== Jepang ====
Di Jepang, judul-judul berikut merupakan [[permainan arkade]] dengan pendapatan tertinggi tahun 1978, berdasarkan grafik tahunan ketiga ''[[:ja:ゲームマシン|Game Machine]]'', yang mencantumkan baik [[permainan video arkade]] maupun [[permainan elektromekanis]] (permainan EM) dalam satu grafik permainan arkade. ''[[Space Invaders]]'' dari [[Taito]] menjadi permainan video pertama yang menempati posisi teratas sebagai permainan arkade dengan pendapatan keseluruhan tertinggi pada grafik tahunan ''Game Machine'', setelah dua grafik sebelumnya dipimpin oleh permainan EM, ''[[F-1 (permainan arkade)|F-1]]'' dari [[Namco]].<ref>[https://onitama.tv/gamemachine/pdf/19790201p.pdf#page=2 人気マシン・ベスト3]. Amusement Press, Inc. Februari 1979. hlm. 2–3.</ref><ref>[https://onitama.tv/gamemachine/pdf/19810215p.pdf 調査対象5年間のベスト1]. Amusement Press, Inc. 15 Februari 1981. hlm. 1.</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="6" | [[Permainan video arkade]]
! colspan="6" |[[Permainan elektromekanis arkade]] (permainan EM)
|-
! Peringkat
! Judul
! #1
! #2
! #3
! Poin
! Peringkat
! Judul
! #1
! #2
! #3
! Poin
|-
| 1
| ''[[Space Invaders]]''
| 48
| 7
| 4
| 
|1
| ''[[F-1 (permainan arkade)|F-1]]''
| 2
| 4
| 0
| 
|-
| 2
| ''[[Super Speed Race|Super Speed Race V]]''
| 1
| 18
| 8
| 
| 2
| ''[[Shoot Away]]''
| 0
| 2
| 7
| 
|-
| 3
| 
| 4
| 9
| 8
| 
|3
| 
| 1
| 3
| 1
| 
|-
| 4
| ''Scratch''
| 3
| 4
| 5
| 
|4
| [[Whac-A-Mole|''Mogura Taiji'' (''Whac-A-Mole'')]]
| 1
| 2
| 2
| 
|-
| 5
| ''[[Speed Race|Speed Race DX]]''
| 3
| 4
| 3
| 
| 5
| ''[[Submarine (permainan arkade)|Submarine]]''
| 0
| 3
| 2
| 
|-
| 6
| ''[[Universal Entertainment|Cosmic Monsters]]''
| 2
| 3
| 0
| 
| 6
| 
| 1
| 1
| 1
| 
|-
| 7
| ''[[Circus (permainan video)|Acrobat]]''
| 1
| 2
| 2
| 
| 7
| 
| 0
| 1
| 1
| 
|-
| 8
| [[Gee Bee (permainan video)|''Gee Bee'']]
| 1
| 1
| 3
| 
| 8
|  
| 1
| 0
| 0
| 
|-
| 9
| ''[[Super Breakout]]''
| 0
| 2
| 2
| 
| rowspan="2" |9
| ''[[Daftar permainan Namco|Clay Champ]]''
| 0
| 0
| 2
| 
|-
| 10
|  (Sankyo)
| 0
| 1
| 2
| 
| 
| 0
| 1
| 0
| 
|}

Judul-judul berikut merupakan permainan dengan pendapatan tertinggi pada masing-masing tangga arkade ''Game Machine''. ''[[:ja:EVRレース|EVR Race]]'' dari [[Nintendo]] menjadi [[permainan medal]] dengan pendapatan tertinggi untuk tahun ketiga berturut-turut.<ref>[https://onitama.tv/gamemachine/pdf/19790201p.pdf#page=2 人気マシン・ベスト3]. Amusement Press, Inc. Februari 1979. hlm. 2–3.</ref><ref>[https://onitama.tv/gamemachine/pdf/19810215p.pdf 調査対象5年間のベスト1]. Amusement Press, Inc. 15 Februari 1981. hlm. 1.</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
! Tangga
! Judul teratas
! Pendapatan kotor
! Inflasi
! [[Kabinet arkade|Penjualan kabinet]]
! Pabrikan
! Genre
! class="unsortable" | 
|-
| [[Permainan arkade]]
| ''[[Space Invaders]]''
| $670,000,000<ref>Daniel Cohen. [https://archive.org/details/book_video_games/page/n21 Video Games]. Pocket Books. 1982. hlm. 15. ISBN 0-671-45872-8.</ref>
| 
| 100,000
| [[Taito]]
| [[Shoot 'em up]]
| <ref>[https://onitama.tv/gamemachine/pdf/19790201p.pdf#page=2 人気マシン・ベスト3]. Amusement Press, Inc. Februari 1979. hlm. 2–3.</ref><ref>[https://onitama.tv/gamemachine/pdf/19810215p.pdf 調査対象5年間のベスト1]. Amusement Press, Inc. 15 Februari 1981. hlm. 1.</ref><ref>[http://www.digitpress.com/library/magazines/electronic_games/electronic_games_winter81.pdf#page=31 Can Asteroids Conquer Space Invaders?]. Musim dingin 1981. Vol. 1 (1). hlm. 30–33 (31).</ref>
|-
| [[Permainan medal]]
| ''[[:ja:EVRレース|EVR Race]]''
| 
| 
| 
| [[Nintendo]]
| [[Permainan video balap|Balap]]
| <ref>[https://onitama.tv/gamemachine/pdf/19810215p.pdf 調査対象5年間のベスト1]. Amusement Press, Inc. 15 Februari 1981. hlm. 1.</ref>
|}

==== Amerika Serikat ====
Di Amerika Serikat, judul-judul berikut merupakan sepuluh permainan video arkade dengan pendapatan koin tertinggi pada tahun 1978, berdasarkan laporan tahunan ''[[Play Meter]]'' dan ''RePlay''.

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
! Peringkat
! ''[[Play Meter]]''<ref>''The 'Winners' of '78: Top Arcade Games''. 1978.</ref>
! ''RePlay''<ref>''Video Games''. November 1978.</ref>
! [[Kabinet arkade|Penjualan kabinet]]
|-
| 1
| colspan="2" | ''[[Space Wars]]''
| 10,000<ref>Steve Bloom. [https://archive.org/details/book_video_invaders/page/n38 Video Invaders]. Arco Publishing. 1982. hlm. 18. ISBN 978-0-668-05520-8.</ref>
|-
| 2
| colspan="2" | ''[[Sprint 2]]''
| rowspan="9" 
|-
| 3
| ''[[Sea Wolf (permainan video)|Sea Wolf]]''
| ''[[Sprint 1]]''
|-
| 4
| ''[[Sea Wolf II]]''
| ''[[Sea Wolf (permainan video)|Sea Wolf]]''
|-
| 5
| ''[[Super Bug (permainan video)|Super Bug]]''
| ''[[Breakout (permainan video)|Breakout]]''
|-
| 6
| ''[[Starship 1]]''
| ''[[Super Bug (permainan video)|Super Bug]]''
|-
| 7
| ''[[Circus (permainan video)|Circus]]''
| ''[[Starship 1]]''
|-
| 8
| ''[[Breakout (permainan video)|Breakout]]''
| ''[[Sea Wolf II]]''
|-
| 9
| ''[[Night Driver (permainan video)|Night Driver]]''
| ''[[Smokey Joe (permainan video)|Smokey Joe]]''
|-
| 10
| ''[[Sprint 1]]''
| ''[[LeMans (permainan video)|LeMans]]''
|}

=== Sistem rumah terlaris ===
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"
!Peringkat
!Sistem
!Pabrikan
!Jenis
!Generasi
!Penjualan
! class="unsortable" |
|-
| rowspan="2" |1
|[[Atari 2600|Atari Video Computer System]] (Atari VCS)
|[[Atari, Inc.]]
|[[Konsol permainan video rumah|Konsol]]
|[[Generasi kedua konsol permainan video|Kedua]]
|
|<ref>Michael Rubin. [https://www.gamasutra.com/features/20051221/Droidmaker.Ch18.pdf#page=8 Droidmaker: George Lucas and the Digital Revolution]. Triad Publishing Company. 2006. hlm. 291-314 (292-3). ISBN 978-0-937404-67-6.</ref>
|-
|Bandai Baseball
|[[Bandai]]
|[[Permainan elektronik genggam|Genggam]]
|
|
|<ref>[https://www.ne.jp/asahi/cvs/odyssey/hyperlink/setframe_dataroom_numbers1.html 昔(1970年代）のテレビゲームは何台売れた？]. ''Classic Videogame Station Odyssey''.</ref>
|-
|3
|[[TRS-80]]
|[[Tandy Corporation]]
|[[Komputer rumah|Komputer]]
|[[8-bit]]
|150,000
|<ref>Jeremy Reimer. [https://arstechnica.com/features/2005/12/total-share/ Total share: 30 years of personal computer market share figures]. ''Ars Technica''. 15 Desember 2005. *Jeremy Reimer. [https://jeremyreimer.com/rockets-item.lsp?p=137 Total Share: Personal Computer Market Share 1975-2010]. ''Jeremy Reimer''. 7 Desember 2012.</ref>
|-
|4
|[[Commodore PET]]
|[[Commodore International]]
|Komputer
|8-bit
|30,000
|<ref>Jeremy Reimer. [https://arstechnica.com/features/2005/12/total-share/ Total share: 30 years of personal computer market share figures]. ''Ars Technica''. 15 Desember 2005. *Jeremy Reimer. [https://jeremyreimer.com/rockets-item.lsp?p=137 Total Share: Personal Computer Market Share 1975-2010]. ''Jeremy Reimer''. 7 Desember 2012.</ref>
|-
|5
|[[Apple II]]
|[[Apple Inc.]]
|Komputer
|8-bit
|20,000
|<ref>[https://archive.org/details/byte-magazine-1979-05/page/n118 BYTE News... Radio Shack Has Over 50 Percent of Personal Computer Business]. Mei 1979. Vol. 4 (5). hlm. 117.</ref>
|-
| rowspan="2" |6
|[[IMSAI 8080]]
|[[IMS Associates, Inc.]]
|Komputer
|8-bit
|5,000
| rowspan="2" |<ref>[https://archive.org/details/byte-magazine-1979-05/page/n118 BYTE News... Radio Shack Has Over 50 Percent of Personal Computer Business]. Mei 1979. Vol. 4 (5). hlm. 117.</ref>
|-
|[[IBM 5110]]
|[[IBM]]
|Komputer
|
|5,000
|-
| rowspan="2" |8
|[[Altair 8800]]
|[[Micro Instrumentation and Telemetry Systems|MITS]]
|Komputer
|8-bit
|4,000
|<ref>Jeremy Reimer. [https://arstechnica.com/features/2005/12/total-share/ Total share: 30 years of personal computer market share figures]. ''Ars Technica''. 15 Desember 2005. *Jeremy Reimer. [https://jeremyreimer.com/rockets-item.lsp?p=137 Total Share: Personal Computer Market Share 1975-2010]. ''Jeremy Reimer''. 7 Desember 2012.</ref>
|-
|[[HP 9800 series]]
|[[Hewlett-Packard]]
|Komputer
|
|4,000
|<ref>[https://archive.org/details/byte-magazine-1979-05/page/n118 BYTE News... Radio Shack Has Over 50 Percent of Personal Computer Business]. Mei 1979. Vol. 4 (5). hlm. 117.</ref>
|-
|10
|Pertec/MITS 300
|[[Pertec Computer]]
|Komputer
|8-bit
|3,000
|<ref>[https://archive.org/details/byte-magazine-1979-05/page/n118 BYTE News... Radio Shack Has Over 50 Percent of Personal Computer Business]. Mei 1979. Vol. 4 (5). hlm. 117.</ref>
|}

== Peristiwa ==
* [[Jurnalisme permainan video]] yang berorientasi pada konsumen dimulai bersamaan dengan [[Zaman keemasan permainan video arkade|masa keemasan permainan video arkade]], tak lama setelah kesuksesan ''Space Invaders'', yang memicu ratusan artikel dan laporan positif mengenai medium permainan video yang sedang berkembang, ditayangkan di televisi serta dimuat di surat kabar dan majalah.<ref>[https://archive.org/details/ElectronicGames/Electronic%20Games%20Issue%202%20%28March%201982%29/page/n40 Players Guide To Electronic Science Fiction Games]. ''Electronic Games''. Maret 1982. Vol. 1 (2). hlm. 35–45 [36].</ref>
* Di [[Amerika Utara]], kolom reguler pertama yang berorientasi pada konsumen tentang permainan video, "[[Electronic Games|Arcade Alley]]" dalam majalah ''[[Video (majalah)|Video]]'', ditulis oleh [[Bill Kunkel (jurnalis)|Bill Kunkel]], Arnie Katz, dan Joyce Worley.<ref>Chris Kohler. [https://www.wired.com/gamelife/2011/09/bill-kunkel-dies/all/1 Bill Kunkel, Original Gaming Journalist, Dies at 61]. 6 September 2011.</ref>
== Rilisan menonjol ==
=== Permainan ===
;Arkade
* Juni – Taito merilis ''[[Space Invaders]]'' di [[Jepang]]. Kesuksesan global ''Space Invaders'' menandai dimulainya [[Zaman keemasan permainan video arkade|masa keemasan permainan video arkade]]. Permainan ini menjadi acuan bagi genre [[penembak tetap]]<ref>[http://www.1up.com/features/essential-50-space-invaders Essential 50: Space Invaders]. 1UP.com.</ref> dan memengaruhi sebagian besar permainan [[Permainan tembak-menembak|penembak]] berikutnya.<ref>Edwards, Benj. [http://www.1up.com/do/feature?cId=3168373 Ten Things Everyone Should Know About Space Invaders]. 1UP.com.</ref>
* Oktober – [[Midway Games|Midway]] merilis ''Space Invaders'' secara luas di Amerika Utara.
* Oktober – [[Namco]] merilis permainan video arkade pertamanya, ''[[Gee Bee (permainan video)|Gee Bee]]'', di [[Jepang]].
* [[Atari, Inc.]] mempopulerkan pengendali [[trackball]] melalui ''[[Atari Football|Football]]''.
* [[Atari, Inc.]] merilis ''[[Breakout (permainan video)#Super Breakout|Super Breakout]]'', permainan gulir multi-arah ''[[Fire Truck (permainan video)|Fire Truck]]'', ''[[Canyon Bomber]]'', dan ''[[Avalanche (permainan video)|Avalanche]]''. ''Avalanche'' kemudian menginspirasi ''[[Kaboom! (permainan video)|Kaboom!]]'' dari Activision.
* [[Konami]] Corporation merilis permainan video arkade pertamanya, ''[[Block Game]]''.
* [[Nintendo]] merilis permainan video arkade pertamanya, ''[[Computer Othello (permainan video)|Computer Othello]]''.

;Komputer
* Buku [[BASIC Computer Games]], edisi mikrokomputer, diterbitkan.

=== Perangkat keras ===
;Komputer
* [[Elektor]] merilis [[Elektor TV Games Computer|TV Games Computer]].

;Konsol
* Desember – [[Magnavox]] meluncurkan [[Magnavox Odyssey²|Odyssey²]].
* [[APF Electronics, Inc.|APF Electronics]] merilis [[APF-MP1000|APF-M1000]].
* [[Bally Technologies|Bally]]/[[Midway Games|Midway]] merilis [[Bally Astrocade|Bally Professional Arcade]].
* Entreprex merilis Apollo 2001.
* Interton merilis [[VC 4000]].

==Catatan==

== Referensi ==
<references />

== Sumber dan atribusi ==

Konten artikel ini diadaptasi dari [https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Permainan+video+dalam+tahun+1978&oldid=29352550 Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia], revisi 29352550 (2026-06-16T07:18:54Z), yang tersedia berdasarkan lisensi Creative Commons Atribusi-BerbagiSerupa (CC BY-SA). Mohon gunakan konten ini secara bijak serta sesuai dengan ketentuan lisensi yang berlaku.

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