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Proses 7 nm

Ensiklopedia Pengetahuan Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

Pada bidang manufaktur semikonduktor, dalam Peta Jalan Perangkat dan Sistem Internasional mendefinisikan proses 7 nm adalah generasi lanjutan dari teknologi MOSFET proses 10 nm. Proses ini didasarkan pada teknologi FinFET (fin field-effect transistor), sejenis teknologi MOSFET multi-gerbang.

Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC) memulai produksi chip memori SRAM 256 Mbit menggunakan proses 7 nm yang disebut N7 pada Juni 2016,[1] kemudian Samsung memulai produksi massal proses 7 nm mereka yang disebut perangkat 7LPP pada tahun 2018.[2] Produk awal untuk teknologi prosesor 7 nm adalah Apple A12 Bionic, dirilis pada acara Apple September 2018.[3] Meskipun Huawei mengumumkan prosesor 7 nm (Kirin 980) miliknya sendiri sebelum Apple A12 Bionic, pada 31 Agustus 2018, tetapi Apple A12 Bionic dirilis di pasarkan massal lebih awal. Kedua chip tersebut diproduksi oleh TSMC.[4]

Pada tahun 2017 AMD merilis prosesor "Roma" (EPYC 2) untuk aplikasi server dan pusat data, yang didasarkan pada proses N7 TSMC [5] dengan fitur 64 inti dan 128 utas. Mereka juga merilis prosesor desktop konsumen "Matisse" dengan fitur 16 inti dan 32 utas. Namun, cetakan I/O pada modul multi-chip Roma (MCM) dibuat dengan proses 14 nm (14HP) oleh GlobalFoundries, sementara cetakan I/O Matisse menggunakan proses 12 nm (12LP+) GlobalFoundries. Seri Radeon RX 5000 juga didasarkan pada proses N7 TSMC.[6]

Proses node 7 nm dan proses offering
Samsung TSMC Intel SMIC
Process name 7LPP[7][8] 6LPP[9] N7[10] N7P[11] N7+[12] N6 Intel 7[13] (10 nm)[14] N+1 (>7 nm) N+2 (7 nm) 7 nm EUV
Transistor density (MTr/mm2) 95.08–100.59[15][16] 91.2–96.5[17][18] 113.9[19] 114.2[20] 100.76–106.1[21][22] 60.41[23] 89[24] [25]
SRAM bit-cell size 0.0262 μm2[26] 0.027 μm2[27] 0.0312 μm2
Transistor gate pitch 54 nm 57 nm 54 nm 63 nm
Transistor fin pitch 27 nm N/A 34 nm
Transistor fin height N/A 53 nm
Minimum (metal) pitch 46 nm 40 nm 40 nm[28] 42 nm
EUV implementation 36 nm pitch metal;[29]
20% of total layer set
None, used self-aligned quad patterning (SAQP) instead 4 layers 5 layers None. Relied on SAQP heavily None None Yes (after N+2)
EUV-limited wafer output 1500 wafers/day[30] N/A ~ 1000 wafers/day[31] N/A
Multipatterning
(≥ 2 masks on a layer)
Fins
Gate
Vias (double-patterned)[32]
Metal 1 (triple-patterned)[33]
44 nm pitch metal (quad-patterned)[34]
Fins
Gate
Contacts/vias (quad-patterned)[35]
Lowest 10 metal layers
Same as N7, with reduction on 4 EUV layers Same as N7, with reduction on 5 EUV layers multipatterning with DUV multipatterning with DUV
Release status
2019 production

2018 production[36]

2020 production
[37] [38]

Lihat pula

Pranala luar

Referensi

  1. ↑ 7nm Technology. TSMC.
  2. ↑ Monica Chen. TSMC ramping up 7nm chip production. DigiTimes. 22 June 2018.
  3. ↑ Stephen Shankland. Apple's A12 Bionic CPU for the new iPhone XS is ahead of the industry moving to 7nm chip manufacturing tech. CNET. September 12, 2018.
  4. ↑ N. Summers. Apple's A12 Bionic is the first 7-nanometer smartphone chip. Engadget. September 12, 2018.
  5. ↑ Ryan Smith. AMD "Rome" EPYC CPUs to Be Fabbed By TSMC. AnandTech. July 26, 2018.
  6. ↑ J. Kim et al., Proc. SPIE 10962, 1096204 (2019).
  7. ↑ VLSI 2018: Samsung's 2nd Gen 7nm, EUV Goes HVM. WikiChip. August 4, 2018.
  8. ↑ Samsung Electronics Starts Production of EUV-based 7nm LPP Process. Samsung Newsroom. October 18, 2018.
  9. ↑ Samsung Starts Mass Production at V1: A Dedicated EUV Fab for 7nm, 6nm, 5nm, 4nm, 3nm Nodes.
  10. ↑ IEDM 2016
  11. ↑ David Schor. TSMC Talks 7nm, 5nm, Yield, And Next-Gen 5G And HPC Packaging. WikiChip Fuse. July 28, 2019.
  12. ↑ TSMC Goes Photon to Cloud. EETimes. October 4, 2018.
  13. ↑ Ian Cutress. Intel's Process Roadmap to 2025: with 4nm, 3nm, 20A and 18A?!. www.anandtech.com.
  14. ↑ Gavin Bonshor. Intel Core i9-13900K and i5-13600K Review: Raptor Lake Brings More Bite. AnandTech. 20 October 2022.
  15. ↑ Can TSMC Maintain Their Process Technology Lead. July 18, 2023.
  16. ↑ Samsung 3nm GAAFET Enters Risk Production; Discusses Next-Gen Improvements. July 5, 2022.
  17. ↑ Scotten Jones. TSMC and Samsung 5nm Comparison. Semiwiki. May 3, 2019.
  18. ↑ N3E Replaces N3; Comes in Many Flavors. September 4, 2022.
  19. ↑ Scotten Jones. TSMC and Samsung 5nm Comparison. Semiwiki. May 3, 2019.
  20. ↑ David Schor. TSMC Announces 6-Nanometer Process. WikiChip Fuse. April 16, 2019.
  21. ↑ Scotten Jones. Can TSMC Maintain Their Process Technology Lead. July 18, 2023.
  22. ↑ Intel's Process Roadmap to 2025: With 4nm, 3nm, 20A and 18A?!.
  23. ↑ David Schor. A Look At Intel 4 Process Technology. WikiChip Fuse. 2022-06-19.
  24. ↑ SMIC Mass Produces 14nm Nodes, Advances To 5nm, 7nm. September 16, 2022.
  25. ↑ 百度安全验证. wappass.baidu.com.
  26. ↑ VLSI 2018: Samsung's 2nd Gen 7nm, EUV Goes HVM. WikiChip Fuse. 2018-08-04.
  27. ↑ VLSI 2018: Samsung's 2nd Gen 7nm, EUV Goes HVM. WikiChip Fuse. 2018-08-04.
  28. ↑ Ryan Smith. Intel 4 Process Node In Detail: 2x Density Scaling, 20% Improved Performance. AnandTech. June 13, 2022.
  29. ↑ J. Kim et al., Proc. SPIE 10962, 1096204 (2019).
  30. ↑ Samsung Ramps 7nm EUV Chips. EETimes. October 17, 2018.
  31. ↑ TSMC Q1 2018 earnings call transcript, p.12.
  32. ↑ W. C. Jeong et al., VLSI Technology 2017.
  33. ↑ W. C. Jeong et al., VLSI Technology 2017.
  34. ↑ J. Kim et al., Proc. SPIE 10962, 1096204 (2019).
  35. ↑ Tom Dillinger. Top 10 Updates from the TSMC Technology Symposium, Part II. SemiWiki. March 23, 2017.
  36. ↑ 7nm Technology. TSMC.
  37. ↑ Ian Cutress. Intel's Process Roadmap to 2025: with 4nm, 3nm, 20A and 18A?!. www.anandtech.com.
  38. ↑ Paul Alcorn. China's SMIC Shipping 7nm Chips, Reportedly Copied TSMC's Tech. Tom's Hardware. 21 July 2022.

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