Lompat ke isi

Proses 7 nm

Ensiklopedia Pengetahuan Universitas Islam Sultan Agung
Revisi sejak 23 Agustus 2026 10.22 oleh Maintenance script (bicara | kontrib) (Presentation V4: sitasi, referensi, Math, Wikimedia Commons, dan atribusi)
(beda) ← Revisi sebelumnya | Revisi terkini (beda) | Revisi selanjutnya → (beda)

Pada bidang manufaktur semikonduktor, dalam Peta Jalan Perangkat dan Sistem Internasional mendefinisikan proses 7 nm adalah generasi lanjutan dari teknologi MOSFET proses 10 nm. Proses ini didasarkan pada teknologi FinFET (fin field-effect transistor), sejenis teknologi MOSFET multi-gerbang.

Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC) memulai produksi chip memori SRAM 256 Mbit menggunakan proses 7 nm yang disebut N7 pada Juni 2016,[1] kemudian Samsung memulai produksi massal proses 7 nm mereka yang disebut perangkat 7LPP pada tahun 2018.[2] Produk awal untuk teknologi prosesor 7 nm adalah Apple A12 Bionic, dirilis pada acara Apple September 2018.[3] Meskipun Huawei mengumumkan prosesor 7 nm (Kirin 980) miliknya sendiri sebelum Apple A12 Bionic, pada 31 Agustus 2018, tetapi Apple A12 Bionic dirilis di pasarkan massal lebih awal. Kedua chip tersebut diproduksi oleh TSMC.[4]

Pada tahun 2017 AMD merilis prosesor "Roma" (EPYC 2) untuk aplikasi server dan pusat data, yang didasarkan pada proses N7 TSMC [5] dengan fitur 64 inti dan 128 utas. Mereka juga merilis prosesor desktop konsumen "Matisse" dengan fitur 16 inti dan 32 utas. Namun, cetakan I/O pada modul multi-chip Roma (MCM) dibuat dengan proses 14 nm (14HP) oleh GlobalFoundries, sementara cetakan I/O Matisse menggunakan proses 12 nm (12LP+) GlobalFoundries. Seri Radeon RX 5000 juga didasarkan pada proses N7 TSMC.[6]

Proses node 7 nm dan proses offering
Samsung TSMC Intel SMIC
Process name 7LPP[7][8] 6LPP[9] N7[10] N7P[11] N7+[12] N6 Intel 7[13] (10 nm)[14] N+1 (>7 nm) N+2 (7 nm) 7 nm EUV
Transistor density (MTr/mm2) 95.08–100.59[15][16] 91.2–96.5[17][18] 113.9[19] 114.2[20] 100.76–106.1[21][22] 60.41[23] 89[24] [25]
SRAM bit-cell size 0.0262 μm2[26] 0.027 μm2[27] 0.0312 μm2
Transistor gate pitch 54 nm 57 nm 54 nm 63 nm
Transistor fin pitch 27 nm N/A 34 nm
Transistor fin height N/A 53 nm
Minimum (metal) pitch 46 nm 40 nm 40 nm[28] 42 nm
EUV implementation 36 nm pitch metal;[29]
20% of total layer set
None, used self-aligned quad patterning (SAQP) instead 4 layers 5 layers None. Relied on SAQP heavily None None Yes (after N+2)
EUV-limited wafer output 1500 wafers/day[30] N/A ~ 1000 wafers/day[31] N/A
Multipatterning
(≥ 2 masks on a layer)
Fins
Gate
Vias (double-patterned)[32]
Metal 1 (triple-patterned)[33]
44 nm pitch metal (quad-patterned)[34]
Fins
Gate
Contacts/vias (quad-patterned)[35]
Lowest 10 metal layers
Same as N7, with reduction on 4 EUV layers Same as N7, with reduction on 5 EUV layers multipatterning with DUV multipatterning with DUV
Release status
2019 production

2018 production[36]

2020 production
[37] [38]

Lihat pula

Pranala luar

Referensi

  1. 7nm Technology. TSMC.
  2. Monica Chen. TSMC ramping up 7nm chip production. DigiTimes. 22 June 2018.
  3. Stephen Shankland. Apple's A12 Bionic CPU for the new iPhone XS is ahead of the industry moving to 7nm chip manufacturing tech. CNET. September 12, 2018.
  4. N. Summers. Apple's A12 Bionic is the first 7-nanometer smartphone chip. Engadget. September 12, 2018.
  5. Ryan Smith. AMD "Rome" EPYC CPUs to Be Fabbed By TSMC. AnandTech. July 26, 2018.
  6. J. Kim et al., Proc. SPIE 10962, 1096204 (2019).
  7. VLSI 2018: Samsung's 2nd Gen 7nm, EUV Goes HVM. WikiChip. August 4, 2018.
  8. Samsung Electronics Starts Production of EUV-based 7nm LPP Process. Samsung Newsroom. October 18, 2018.
  9. Samsung Starts Mass Production at V1: A Dedicated EUV Fab for 7nm, 6nm, 5nm, 4nm, 3nm Nodes.
  10. IEDM 2016
  11. David Schor. TSMC Talks 7nm, 5nm, Yield, And Next-Gen 5G And HPC Packaging. WikiChip Fuse. July 28, 2019.
  12. TSMC Goes Photon to Cloud. EETimes. October 4, 2018.
  13. Ian Cutress. Intel's Process Roadmap to 2025: with 4nm, 3nm, 20A and 18A?!. www.anandtech.com.
  14. Gavin Bonshor. Intel Core i9-13900K and i5-13600K Review: Raptor Lake Brings More Bite. AnandTech. 20 October 2022.
  15. Can TSMC Maintain Their Process Technology Lead. July 18, 2023.
  16. Samsung 3nm GAAFET Enters Risk Production; Discusses Next-Gen Improvements. July 5, 2022.
  17. Scotten Jones. TSMC and Samsung 5nm Comparison. Semiwiki. May 3, 2019.
  18. N3E Replaces N3; Comes in Many Flavors. September 4, 2022.
  19. Scotten Jones. TSMC and Samsung 5nm Comparison. Semiwiki. May 3, 2019.
  20. David Schor. TSMC Announces 6-Nanometer Process. WikiChip Fuse. April 16, 2019.
  21. Scotten Jones. Can TSMC Maintain Their Process Technology Lead. July 18, 2023.
  22. Intel's Process Roadmap to 2025: With 4nm, 3nm, 20A and 18A?!.
  23. David Schor. A Look At Intel 4 Process Technology. WikiChip Fuse. 2022-06-19.
  24. SMIC Mass Produces 14nm Nodes, Advances To 5nm, 7nm. September 16, 2022.
  25. 百度安全验证. wappass.baidu.com.
  26. VLSI 2018: Samsung's 2nd Gen 7nm, EUV Goes HVM. WikiChip Fuse. 2018-08-04.
  27. VLSI 2018: Samsung's 2nd Gen 7nm, EUV Goes HVM. WikiChip Fuse. 2018-08-04.
  28. Ryan Smith. Intel 4 Process Node In Detail: 2x Density Scaling, 20% Improved Performance. AnandTech. June 13, 2022.
  29. J. Kim et al., Proc. SPIE 10962, 1096204 (2019).
  30. Samsung Ramps 7nm EUV Chips. EETimes. October 17, 2018.
  31. TSMC Q1 2018 earnings call transcript, p.12.
  32. W. C. Jeong et al., VLSI Technology 2017.
  33. W. C. Jeong et al., VLSI Technology 2017.
  34. J. Kim et al., Proc. SPIE 10962, 1096204 (2019).
  35. Tom Dillinger. Top 10 Updates from the TSMC Technology Symposium, Part II. SemiWiki. March 23, 2017.
  36. 7nm Technology. TSMC.
  37. Ian Cutress. Intel's Process Roadmap to 2025: with 4nm, 3nm, 20A and 18A?!. www.anandtech.com.
  38. Paul Alcorn. China's SMIC Shipping 7nm Chips, Reportedly Copied TSMC's Tech. Tom's Hardware. 21 July 2022.

Sumber dan atribusi

Konten artikel ini diadaptasi dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, revisi 29454921 (2026-07-13T23:50:47Z), yang tersedia berdasarkan lisensi Creative Commons Atribusi-BerbagiSerupa (CC BY-SA). Mohon gunakan konten ini secara bijak serta sesuai dengan ketentuan lisensi yang berlaku.